BLOOD DONATION (BB LEC TOPIC 2)

autologous donation

donates blood for their own use

autologous donation

donor is also the patient

autologous donation

it can be use for future use (e.g. surgeries)

autologous donation

avoid homologous transfusions

autologous donation

compatible allogeneic blood is not available

Decreased risk of disease transmission

Decreased transfusion reaction

Decreased risk of alloimmunization

Patients with very rare blood types (AB-)

Patients with multiple antibodies

advantages of autologous donation

1. preoperative collection

2. acute normovolemic hemodilution

3. intraoperative collection

4. post operative blood salvage collection

types of autologous donation

5-6 weeks before surgical procedure

when do you do preoperative collectionof autologous donation?

orthopaedic procedures

vascular surgery

cardiac or thoracic surgery

radica prostatectomy

you can use pre operative collection for?

no later than 72 hours (3 days) before surgery

you cannot use pre operative collection for?

minimum Hb/Hct: 11 g/dl and 33% respectively

volume: 450 or 500 ml (+-) 10%

what is the variables for preoperative collection

reduced proportionately

if the patient <50kg in preoperative collection variables, the volume of blood collected must be ?

acute normovolemic hemodilution

collection of whole blood with the concurrent infusion of crystalloid or colloid solutions

maintaning normal blood volume but decreasing patient HEMATOCRIT

when collection of whole blood with the concurrent infusion of crystalloid or colloid solutions happen what is the consequences

3:1

ration of replacement for crystalloid

1:1

ration of replacement for colloids

minimum hb: 12.0 g/dl

ANH collection variable

intraoperative collection

Collect shed blood from the surgical site

intraoperative collection

Processed with saline to remove unwanted materials

50-60%

hematocrit concentrartion of intraoperative collection

true

true or false

cells are reinfused immediately in intraoperative collection

storage: 6 hours rt or 24 hours at 1-6 dc as long as the latter temperature has begun within 4 hours from the end of collection

intraoperative collection variables

Postoperative Blood Salvage Collection

Blood collection from a drainage tube placed at the surgical site

Postoperative Blood Salvage Collection

Blood is characterized as being dilute partially

hemolyzed, and defibrinated

microaggregate filter

it screen out any debris in Postoperative Blood Salvage Collection

1,400 ml

maximum ml be reinfused in Postoperative Blood Salvage Collection

within 6 hours of collection

Postoperative Blood Salvage Collection:

must be reinfused within how many hours

direct donation

Blood unit is collected for a specific patient

apheresis donation

Effective mechanism for collecting a specific blood component while returning the remaining whole blood components back to the patient

apheresis donation

Designed to collect large volumes of the intended component

apheresis donation

The only effective method for collecting leukocytes and stem cells

1. plateletpheresis

2. leukapheresis

3. plasmapheresis

4. double rbc apheresis

types of apheresis

Plateletpheresis

process wherein blood is collected using an apheresis machine

Only platelets are collected from the donor; the rest of the blood components are returned back to the donor during the collection procedure

6-8 random platelet

1 unit plateletpheresis is equivalent to

(8 weeks or 56 days)

Plateletpheresis donors may donate more frequently than donors of whole blood for how many weeks/fays

at least 2 days

Donation interval between plateletpheresis:

Not more than twice a week or more than 24 times a year

plateletapheresis should not be more than

>150,000 ul

platelet count for plateletapheresis

500 ml (600ml for donors weighing more than 175 lbs/80kg)

total amount of plasma for plateletapheresis

leukapheresis

The only effective method for collecting leukocytes, or more specifically, granulocytes

hydroxytethyl starch

drugs for leukapheresis:

hes

prednisone and dexamenthasone

drugs for leukapheresis:

corticosteroid

recombinant hematopoetic growth factors

drugs for leukapheresis

RCGF

infrequent donor

serial donor

2 types of donor in plasmapheresis

infrequent donor

No more than procedure in a 4-week period

serial donors

More frequency than 4 weeks but no more than every 48 hours and no more than two donations

25 mL/week or 20 mL in an 8-week period

plateletpheresis

the rbc loss must not exceed

The volume of RBCs removed from the donor should not

yield a donor hematocrit of less than 30% or a hemoglobin of less than 10 g/dL after volume replacement.

The volume of RBCs removed from the donor should not

yield a donor hematocrit of __ or a hemoglobin of __ after volume replacement.

16 weeks (4 months) after a success donation

A double RBC apheresis donot should be deferred for ?

donate again within 8 weeks

less than 200ml, the donor can?

deferred for 8 weeks

greater than 200 mL but less than 300 mL, the

donor should

deferred for the full 16 weeks

greater than 300 mL, the donor must be

1. temporary

2. indefinite

3. permanent

types of deferral

temporary

Prospective donor is unable to donate blood for a limited amount of time

temporary

type of deferral:

Donor received a blood transfusion; defer for

12 months from date of transfusion

temporary

type of deferral:

Donor received vaccination for yellow fever;

defer for 2 weeks from date of vaccination

indefinite

Deferred for an unspecified period of time due to current regulatory requirements

indefinite

This donor would not be able to donate blood until the current requirement changes.

indefinite

These donors may be eligible to donate autologous blood

indefinite

type of deferral:

Donor states they have lived in England for 1

year in 1989; defer indefinitely

permanent

Prospective donor will never be eligible to donate blood for someone else.

permanent

Donor states that they have hepatitis C; defer ?

more than or equal to 16

age restriction for allogeneic

no age restriction

agre restriction for autologous

10.5ml of blood/kg

maximum of donor weight for whole blood collection, inclusive of pilot tubes for testing

at least 110 lbs

donor must weigh at least

not restricted from donating,

but a proportionally smaller amount blood should be collected from the donor

donor who weigh less are ?

less than or equal to 37.5°C or 99.5°F

donor temperature must be ?

Women: ≥12.5 g/dL and ≥ 38%

Men: ≥ 13.0 g/dL and 39%

hemoglobin-hematocrit for allogeneic in women and men

≥11.0 g/dL and 33%

hemoglobin-hematocrit for autologous

less than or equal 180 over less than or equal to 100

blood pressure reference range

indefinite deferral

Evidence of skin lesions (e.g., multiple puncture marks) is cause for

45 seconds

mix blood and anticoagulant periodically during procedure (every how many seconds?)

429 and 583g plust the weight of the container and anticoagulan

a unit containing 405 to 550 ml should weigh between

63ml for 450ml collection

70ml for 500ml collection

volumes of anticoagulant

room temp (20-24dc)

Units in which platelets will be made must be maintained at what temp?

1-6dc

all other blood constituents are stored at what temp

8 weeks after donation

interval for whole blood donation

at least 2 day after donation

interval for Plasma, platelets, or leukocyte apheresis

4 weeks after last donation

interval for infrequent apheresis

15 weeks after donation

interval for double RBC apheresis

mild reaction

Reactions in this category encompass one or more of the following: syncope or fainting, nausea or vomiting, hyperventilation, twitching, and muscle spasm

moderate reaction

Conditions in mild reaction in addition to loss of consciousness

moderate reaction

Decreased pulse rate

Hyperventilation

Fall in systolic pressure to 60 mmHg

administer oxygen 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide

what to perform when patient experience moderate reaction?

severe reaction

Convulsions defines a

permanent

define deferral

Parenteral drug use

permanent

define deferral

History of haemophilia A and B, VWD, or

severe thrombocytopenia

permanent

define deferral

Family history of CJD - Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease

permanent

define deferral

Treatment with pituitary GH f human

origin

permanent

define deferral

Viral hepatitis after 11th birthday

permanent

define deferral

Confirmed HBsAg positive

permanent

define deferral

Repeatedly reactive anti-HBC on >1

occasion

permanent

define deferral

Repeatedly reactive HTLV on >1 occasion

permanent

define deferral

Present or past clinical laboratory

evidence of infection with HIV, HCV, or

HTLV

permanent

define deferral

History of Babesiosis or Chagas' disease

3 years

define deferral

Malaria, or from an area where malaria is endemic (Palawan)

3 years

define deferal

Persons who have been treated for Malaria following therapy

12 months (1 year)

define deferral

syphilis