ALL TENSES/MOODS

What is Le Présent tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The present tense

I eat, je mange

Give a simple summary of how to form Le Présent tense (stem, endings, any irregulars? etc)

- stem: infinitive, get rid of er/ir/re

- endings: ER= e es e ons ez ent

IR= is is it issons issez issent

RE= s s x ons ez ent

- many irregulars along with boot verbs and 'cer'/'ger' verbs in the nous form

What is Le Passé Composé tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The perfect tense (the composed tense)

I have eaten/ I ate, J'ai mangé

Give a simple summary of how to form Le Passé Composé tense (auxiliary, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) choose auxiliary: avoir or être (with dr mrs van der tramp or reflexive)

2) stem: remove er/ir/re from verb, add ending to make your past participle:

ER= é, IR= i, RE= u

3) agree past participle if it takes être

- many irregulars

What is Le Futur Proche tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The near future tense

I am going to eat, Je vais manger

In what case would you use Le Futur Proche?

• less formal- speech

• closer future

• more certain

Give a simple summary of how to form Le Futur Proche tense (startings, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) use the verb 'aller'

2) use your infinitive verb

- NO irregulars!

What is Le Futur Simple tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The simple future

I will eat, Je mangerai

In what case would you use Le Futur Simple?

• more formal- written

• further, general future

• less certain

Give a simple summary of how to form Le Futur Simple tense (stem, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) stem: your stem will always end in an R

2) endings: ai a as ons ez Ont

3) many irregulars as well as 'boot' verbs that actually carry through to ALL pronouns

What is Le Futur Antérieur tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The future perfect

I will have eaten, J'aurai mangé

Give a simple summary of how to form Le Futur Antérieur tense (auxiliary, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) choose your SIMPLE FUTURE auxiliary: avoir or être (with dr mrs van der tramp or reflexive)

AVOIR: j'aurai, tu auras, il aura, nous aurons, vous aurez, ils auront

ÊTRE: je serai, tu seras, il sera, nous serons, vous serez, ils seront

2) put your verb in the PAST PARTCIPLE- ER= é, IR= i, RE= u

3) agree past participle if it takes être

- irregulars are the same as passe compose

In what case would you use Le Futur Antérieur?

- used for an action that precedes or will be completed before another action in the future

What is Le Conditionnel Présent tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The present conditional

I would eat, Je mangerais

Give a simple summary of how to form Le Conditionnel Présent tense (stem, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) stem: will always end in an R

2) endings: ais ais ait ions iez aient

- many irregulars THAT ARE THE SAME AS LE FUTUR SIMPLE IRREGULARS, as well and 'boot' verbs that actually carry through to ALL pronouns

In what case would you use Le Conditionnel Présent?

expressing wishes or requests- je voudrais, hypothetical actions- I would..., possibility or uncertainty- I should...

What is L'imparfait tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The imperfect

a past tense that's used to describe states of being and habitual actions in the past

I was eating/ I used to eat (more uses), Je mangeais

In what case would you use L'imparfait tense?

- states of being or past description

- habitual actions in the past

- when an action was going on when another took place (i was eating when he came- je mangeais quand il venait)

- idiomatic uses:

suggestions using 'Si on...'- 'How about...',

wishes using 'Si (seulement)...'- 'If only...',

'depuis',

'venait de+ inf'- 'had just done (something)'

Give a simple summary of how to form L'Imparfait tense (stem, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) stem: present tense NOUS form, take off 'ons'

2)add endings: ais ais ait ions iez aient (same as conditionnel)

- ONE irregular: être: j'ètais, tu ètais, il ètait, nous ètions, vous ètiez, ils ètaient

What is the participe présent?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

The present participle

By eating (more uses), En mangeant

In what case would you use Le participe présent?

- In (doing something)- En + present participle

- Tout en + present participle - two actions simultaneous

Give a simple summary of how to form Le participe présent (stem, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) stem: present tense NOUS form, take off 'ons'

2) add '-ANT' ending

- THREE IRREGULARS:

être= ÉTANT

avoir= AYANT

savoir= SACHANT

What is the Subjunctive mood (when is it used)?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

used to express uncertainty, doubt, wishes, emotions, or hypothetical situations

Il est nécessaire que je mange

In what case would you use the subjunctive mood?

- after certain conjunctions followed by QUE, e.g in order that= pour que, although= bien que

- after certain verbs followed by QUE, e.g to want= vouloir que, to doubt= douter que

- after certain expressions followed by QUE, e.g il faut que, ça me plaît que

- overall: when expressing doubt, uncertainty, opinions, desires, or emotions about something

Give a simple summary of how to form Le Subjonctif mood (stem, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) stem: ILS/ELLES form of the PRESENT TENSE, take of the '-ent'

2) endings: e es e ions iez ent

- many irregulars and semi irregulars (revert to imperfect in nous and vous forms)

What is the Plus-Que-Parfait tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

Past perfect/ pluperfect

I had eaten, J'avais mangé

Give a simple summary of how to form Plus-Que-Parfait tense (auxiliary, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) choose your IMPARFAIT auxiliary: avoir or être (with dr mrs van der tramp or reflexive)

AVOIR: j'avais, tu avais, il avait, nous avions, vous aviez, ils avaient

ÊTRE: j'étais, tu étais, il était, nous étions, vous étiez, ils étaient

2) put your verb in the PAST PARTCIPLE- ER= é, IR= i, RE= u

3) agree past participle if it takes être

- irregulars are the same as passe compose

In what case would you use the Plus-Que-Parfait tense?

- used to express an action which precedes another past action or moment: I had already eat when...

What is the Conditionel passe tense?

Give an example sentence with 'to eat' and 'manger'

the past conditional

I would have eaten, J'aurais mangé

Give a simple summary of how to form Conditionnel passe tense (auxiliary, endings, any irregulars? etc)

1) choose your conditional present auxiliary: avoir or être (with dr mrs van der tramp or reflexive)

AVOIR: j'aurais, tu aurais, il aurait, nous aurions, vous auriez, ils auraient

ÊTRE: je serais, tu serais, il serait, nous serions, vous seriez, ils seraient

2) put your verb in the PAST PARTCIPLE- ER= é, IR= i, RE= u

3) agree past participle if it takes être

- irregulars are the same as passe compose

In what case would you use the Conditionnel passe tense tense?

used to describe or imagine events and actions which failed to happen