multi store model of memory

What is the Multi-Store Model of Memory (MSM)?

A model proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) describing memory as flowing through three separate components: sensory register, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM).

What are the key features of the Sensory Register (SR)?

It is the first store, holding information from senses for a very brief duration (e.g., <0.5 seconds for visual, 2-5 seconds for auditory) with a high capacity.

What are the two main types of sensory memory discussed in the MSM?

1. Iconic memory: Visual information.
2. Echoic memory: Auditory information.

How is information transferred from the Sensory Register to Short-Term Memory (STM)?

By paying attention to the sensory information. If attention is not paid, information is lost through decay.

Describe the capacity and duration of Short-Term Memory (STM).

1. Capacity: Limited, roughly 7 \pm 2 items (Miller, 1956).
2. Duration: Limited, about 18-30 seconds without rehearsal (Peterson & Peterson, 1959).

What is the primary type of encoding in Short-Term Memory (STM)?

Acoustic encoding (information is stored as sounds), even for visually presented information.

What is the role of maintenance rehearsal in the Multi-Store Model?

The repetition of information to keep it in STM. If rehearsed enough, it can be transferred to LTM.

Describe the capacity and duration of Long-Term Memory (LTM).

1. Capacity: Potentially unlimited.
2. Duration: Potentially unlimited, lasting a lifetime.

What is the primary type of encoding in Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

Semantic encoding (information is stored by its meaning