everything social studies emily

Haudenosaunee Confederacy (Iroquois Confederacy)

A powerful alliance of Indigenous nations in northeastern North America, originally made up of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca; later the Tuscarora joined.

Wendat Confederacy (Huron)

An Indigenous alliance near Georgian Bay that traded extensively with the French.

Odawa Nation

An Indigenous nation in the Great Lakes region known for trade and diplomacy.

Wabanaki Confederacy

An alliance of Indigenous nations in Acadia and the Maritime region.

Doctrine of Discovery

A European belief that Christian nations could claim lands occupied by non-Christians.

St. Lawrence River

A major river used for exploration, transportation, and trade in New France.

Mercantilism

An economic system where colonies supplied raw materials to the mother country.

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power over other territories.

Proclamation Line (1763)

A boundary created by Britain that prevented settlers from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Impressment

The British practice of forcing sailors into the Royal Navy.

Taxation Without Representation

The belief that colonists should not be taxed if they have no elected representatives in government.

Responsible Government

A system where the executive must have the support of the elected assembly to remain in power.

Coffin Ships

Overcrowded ships that carried Irish immigrants across the Atlantic.

Réduits de l'Autochtones

Government-funded, church-run schools that removed Indigenous children from their families to assimilate them into Canadian society.

Numbered Treaties

Eleven treaties signed between First Nations and the Canadian government between 1871 and 1921.

Dominion of Canada

The new country created on July 1, 1867.

Corn Laws

British laws that protected British grain farmers through tariffs.

Act of Union (1841)

The law that united Upper Canada and Lower Canada into one colony.

Filles du Roi

Young women sent by France to New France to increase the colony's population.

Louis Riel

Leader of the Métis during the Red River Resistance and a defender of Métis rights.

Red River Resistance (1869-1870)

A movement led by Louis Riel to protect Métis rights when Canada took control of Rupert's Land.

Joseph Brant

A Mohawk military and political leader who fought alongside the British during the American Revolution.

Fort Garry

A Hudson's Bay Company fort located in present-day Winnipeg that became the centre of the Red River Resistance.