chpt. 9, 10, & 11

What is the function of the urinary system?

Filters and removes waste products from the blood.

What are three terms for moving urine outside the body?

Urination, micturition, and voiding.

What is the functional working unit of the kidney?

Nephron.

What does afferent mean?

Incoming.

What does efferent mean?

Outgoing.

How long are the ureters?

10–12 inches.

What do the ureters do?

Carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

What is hemodialysis?

Cleaning the blood using an artificial kidney machine.

What is urinalysis?

Physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine.

What is catheterization?

Inserting a flexible tube into the urethra to collect urine.

Cyst/o

Bladder

Glycos/o

Sugar, glucose

Lith/o

Stone

Meat/o

Meatus

Nephr/o

Kidney

Noct/i

Night

Olig/o

Scanty

Pyel/o

Renal pelvis

Ren/o

Kidney

Ur/o

Urine

Urethr/o

Urethra

-lith

Stone

-lithiasis

Condition of stones

-ptosis

Drooping

-tripsy

Surgical crushing

-uria

Condition of urine

What is the scrotum?

Sac that holds the testes.

What is the vas deferens?

Tube that carries sperm into the pelvic area.

What is another name for the vas deferens?

Ductus deferens.

What does the prostate gland secrete?

An acid neutralizer that helps keep sperm alive.

Where is the male perineum located?

Between the scrotum and anus.

Where is the female perineum located?

Between the vaginal opening and anus.

What is impotence?

Inability to achieve an erection (erectile dysfunction).

What is the perimetrium?

Outer layer of the uterus.

What is the myometrium?

Muscular layer of the uterus.

What is the endometrium?

Inner lining of the uterus that sheds during menstruation.

What is the areola?

Dark pigmented area around the nipple.

What are fraternal twins?

Two different ova fertilized by two different sperm.

What are identical twins?

Twins formed when one fertilized ovum splits.

What is meiosis?

Cell division that produces sex cells.

What is breech presentation?

Buttocks or feet present first during birth.

What is placenta previa?

Placenta implants low in the uterus causing painless bleeding in the third trimester.

What is abruptio placentae?

Premature separation of the placenta from the uterus.

Andr/o

Male

Balan/o

Glans penis

Cervic/o

Neck, cervix

Colp/o

Vagina

Episi/o

Vulva

Fet/o

Fetus

Gynec/o

Woman

Hyster/o

Uterus

Lact/o

Milk

Mamm/o

Breast

Mast/o

Breast

Men/o

Menstruation

Metr/o

Uterus

Nat/o

Birth

Oophor/o

Ovary

Orchid/o

Testes

Ov/o

Egg

Salping/o

Fallopian tube

Toc/o

Labor

Vas/o

Vas deferens

Vulv/o

Vulva

-gravida

Pregnancy

-para

To bear offspring

-partum

Childbirth

-salpinx

Fallopian tubes

Why is the pituitary gland called the “master gland”?

It controls many other endocrine glands.

Where is the pituitary gland located?

Inferior to the brain, between the eyes.

What hormone is GH?

Growth hormone (somatotropin).

What does calcitonin do?

Lowers blood calcium levels.

What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do?

Raises blood calcium levels.

What does aldosterone regulate?

Electrolytes and fluid volume.

Acr/o

Extremities

Andr/o

Male

Calc/o

Calcium

Crin/o

Secrete

Estr/o

Female

Glyc/i

Sugar

Glycos/o

Sugar

Home/o

Sameness

Kal/i

Potassium

Natr/o

Salt

Toxic/o

Poison

-crine

To secrete

-dipsia

Thirst

-prandial

Relating to a meal

-tropin

Stimulate