GEOG 1301: Introduction to Physical Geography - Exam 2: Geomorphology "STUDY GUIDE"

Who proposed the first comprehensive theory of continental drift?

Alfred Wegener

Stream ___ & velocity determine the amount of sediment being carried by a stream

discharge

Ocean waves transition to ___ as they approach the shoreline

.

breakers

Which force most significantly influences mass wasting?

gravity

Basically, groundwater is a weak solution of ___ acid

carbonic

How many continental glaciers exist today?

2

Why was the theory of continental drift initially rejected by scientists?

Failure to propose a suitable mechanism

Which is Suspended Stream Load?

silt and clay

Most waves are generated by ___

wind

The slowest & least perceptible form of mass wasting is ___

creep

Caverns are found in most parts of the world where there are thick ___ deposits under the surface

limestone

The erosional process of glacial ice freezing in the cracks of bedrock

plucking

Which evidence does NOT support the Theory of Continental Drift?

Centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation

___ are the smallest volcanoes

Cinder Cones

Water & sediment moving roughly parallel to the coastal shoreline is called ___

a longshore current

Mass wasting is particularly likely during & after ___

heavy rains

How do Longitudinal Sand Dunes form?

Strong winds from at least 2 directions

Unstratified glacial sediments

till

How many major plates constitute the Earth's lithosphere?

7

What forms a stream delta?

Sudden reduction in stream velocity

What is an alluvial fan?

A stream deposit in a valley or plain

A slope failure with a downward rotation movement is a ___

slump

Which is the volcanic Hot Spot?

Hawaii

Long curving ridges of stratified glacial sediment are called ___

eskers

A ___ plate boundary is associated with lateral movement & the San Andreas fault system

transform

The general term for stream-deposited sediment is ___

alluvium

Which is the coastal depositional landform?

beach

Which of the following forms of mass wasting is relatively fast & wet compared to the others?

mudflow

Which of these causes a sinkhole on the Earth's surface?

The roof of a cave collapses

The first landform feature produced by alpine glaciation

cirque

Long open-ocean waves that are not affected by the seafloor

swells

The flow of water through a stream channel is called ___

discharge

Which is the coastal depositional landform?

spit

Which of these is associated with volcanoes?

tephra

The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges at a ___ zone

convergent

Which is Stream Bed Load?

pebbles & sand

Which conditions generate large waves along the coast?

Strong Wind & Long Fetch

The plate boundaries which are ___ are likely to make volcanic island arcs

convergent between oceanic plates

Streams with rectangular drainage patterns are associated with ___

faults

Which is a Supervolcano?

Yellowstone

The stream drainage pattern common in uniformly dipping bedrock is ___

dendritic

Crater Lake, Oregon is an example of a volcanic ___

caldera

Which glacial erosion process produces striations?

abrasion

Which refers to the surface of the Earth directly above the focus of an earthquake?

epicenter

Which is the Shield Volcano?

Hawaii

Which scale is now the most commonly used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes?

Moment Magnitude

Why are composite volcanoes so explosive?

Viscosity of the lava

Loose, water-saturated sediments may undergo ___ during an earthquake

liquefaction

An oxbow lake was formerly a ___

stream meander

Crescent-shaped dunes that usually form where there is a limited supply of sand

Barchan