Classical Architecture

This set of flashcards includes key components and terms related to classical architecture, covering both Greek and Roman influences.

Classical Antiquity

Refers to the period of Greek and Roman civilization from around 8th century BCE to 5th century CE.

The Parthenon

A temple in Athens built between 447-436 BCE, dedicated to the goddess Athena.

Orders of Architecture

Refers to the different styles of columns used in classical architecture, including Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite.

Pediment

The triangular shape found above the horizontal structure of the entablature, often filled with relief sculptures.

Naos or Cella

The inner chamber of a temple where the cult statue is housed.

Roman Temple

A type of temple developed from Greek influences, often featuring embedded columns in the walls.

Pantheon

A Roman temple built around 17 BCE; known for its large dome and concrete construction.

Amphitheatre

An open-air venue used for entertainment, such as the Colosseum in Rome.

Arch of Constantine

A triumphal arch built in 310 CE, known for its focus on proportions and harmony.

Vitruvius

An ancient Roman architect whose work 'De Architectura' outlines principles of architecture and proportions.

Neoclassical architecture

An architectural style derived from classical antiquity, characterized by grand scale and simplicity.

Trabeated structure

A construction method using beams and columns to support a roof.

Polykleitos

An ancient Greek sculptor known for defining the ideal human proportions, applied to architecture.

Load Transference

The method by which structural loads are distributed through an architectural element, such as arches.

Agora

The central public space in ancient Greek city-states, used for assemblies and markets.