Network+ IPv4/IPv6 Network Services

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for automatic IP address assignment.

Reservations

DHCP feature to assign fixed IPs to specific devices.

Scope

Range of IP addresses managed by DHCP.

Lease Time

Duration an IP address is assigned before renewal.

DHCP Options

Additional DHCP parameters like DNS and gateway settings.

Relay/IP Helper

Forwarding DHCP requests across network segments.

DHCP Exclusions

IP addresses excluded from DHCP assignment.

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)

IPv6 method allowing devices to self-assign IP addresses without a server.

Name Resolution

Processes for translating domain names to IP addresses

DNS

Domain Name System, the internet’s naming system.

Domain Name Security Extensions (DNSSEC)

Security protocols to authenticate DNS responses.

DNS over HTTPS (DoH) and DNS over TLS (DoT)

Protocols encrypting DNS queries for privacy.

Record Types

Common DNS records:

Address (A)

IPv4 address record.

AAAA

IPv6 address record.

Canonical Name (CNAME)

Alias pointing to another domain name.

Mail Exchange (MX)

Record specifying mail servers.

Text (TXT)

Records containing arbitrary text.

Nameserver (NS)

Records specifying authoritative name servers.

Pointer (PTR)

Records used for reverse DNS lookups.

Forward

Zone mapping names to IP addresses. Zone type

Reverse

Zone mapping IP addresses to names. Zone type

Authoritative vs. Non-Authoritative

Whether DNS servers provide original or cached data.

Primary vs. Secondary

Primary is the main source of DNS data. Secondary is a backup.

Recursive

DNS server that resolves queries by querying other servers.

Hosts File

Local file used to map hostnames to IP addresses.

Time Protocols

Protocols used for time synchronization across networks:

NTP

Network Time Protocol for synchronizing clocks.

Precision Time Protocol (PTP)

High-precision time synchronization protocol.

Network Time Security (NTS)

Security enhancements for NTP.