Comparative Anatomy Lab- Unit #2

Define aponeurosis

a broad ribbon-shaped tendon that attaches muscle to bone or another muscle

Define belly

the main body of a muscle

Define deep

A muscle that is found beneath other muscles and is toward the center of the body

Define deep fascia

connective tissue that covers individual muscles. some of these tissues may form connections to bond

Define fascia

connective tissue that surrounds muscle tissue and other body tissues

Define insertion

the end of a muscle that moves a bone during contraction

Define origin

the end of the muscle that remains relatively stationary during contraction

Define raphe

a line of connective tissue indicating the junction of two muscles or two halves of a muscle

Define reflect

an instructional term for dissecting. this means you should release (i.e. cut) a muscle from a specified point and fold it aside to reveal muscles that are deep to the cut muscle

Define superficial

a muscle that is found at the surface

Define tendon

a narrow, tough band of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone or another muscle

Define abduction

the movement of a part away from the midline of the body (e.g. the biceps femoris flexes the knee and pulls the thigh laterally- thus abducts the thigh)

Define adduction

the movement of a part toward the midline of the body (e.g. the pectoralis superficialis pulls the humerus medially- thus it adducts the arm)

Define antagonist

a muscle whose action counteracts the action of another muscle (e.g. the biceps brachii, which flexes the forearm, is an antagonist of the triceps brachii, which extends the arm)

Define constriction

a muscle action that contracts or compresses a structure

Define depression

a muscle action that pulls a structure downward

Define extension

a muscle action that increases the angle of a joint (ex. straightens arm)

Define flexion

a muscle action that decreases the angle of a joint (ex. bends arm)

Define levation

a muscle action that raises a structure

Define pronation

a muscle action that turns the palm of the band or sole of the foot down

Define protraction

a muscle action that moves a structure forward

Define retraction

a muscle action that moves a structure backward

Define rotation

a muscle action that moves a bond around its long axis

Define supination

a muscle action that turns the palm of the hand or sole of the foot up

Define tense

a muscle action that stretches a structure