EVM - Chapter 4 (4.1-4.5)

oceans cover what percent of earth

71

fresh water consists of

ground water, glacier, ice sheets, atmosphere, lakes and rivers

only 3% water is \_______ water

fresh

precipitation

moisture that reaches the earth in the form of snow, sleet, hail, and most commonly rain

surface run off

precipation that flows over ground surface eventually finding its way in rivers and streams

interception

precipitation that doesn't reach the earths surface due to being obstructed by trees and plants

Infiltration

when the soil absorbs water it goes down between the cracks and pore spaces

through flow

water flows from the same level parallel to the ground unlike surface run-off

ground water flow

moment of water inside the earth in one direction

transpiration

loss of water from the surface of the leaf

aquifer

water stored in porous rocks underground

the most common way by which water is obtained from aquifers is

wells

water from river can be taken by?

dipping bucket into water or building reservoirs

reservoir

can be built behind dams or by the side of a river

how to get water from sea

desalination

method of desalination

reverse osmosis and distillation

describe reverse osmosis

salt is pumped at high pressure through fine membrane

ways in which fresh water can be used

domestic industrial and agricultural

explain domestic use of water

used at home for drinking and cooking in MEDCs more water is used for flushing and washing and washing clothes

industrial use of water

cooling in the production of electricity also used as universal solvent

agricultural

irrigation plants need water to transport minerals and animals need water to survive

water-rich regions

countries with plentiful fresh water supply

water-poor regions

countries with scarce supply of fresh water

why do urban areas have higher access to safe drinking water

cities are more wealthy with factories and offices on average peoples salaries are higher wealthy people are more likely to live in cities water pipes easier to build as people live closer together