Neuro of Drug Addiction Test #2 NEUR 3914

Which routes of cocaine administration have similar absorption rates?

INH and IV

T/F: Crack cocaine is more potent than powder cocaine.

False

Cocaine is an ________ and thus, __________ norepinephrine signaling

Indirect sympathomimetic ; Increases

Which of the following is NOT a physical effect of cocaine use?

a. Pupillary Constriction

b. Increased HR

c. Bronchodilation

d. Hyperthermia

e. Increased BP

f. All of the above are physical effects of cocaine use

a. Pupillary Constriction (Pupillary Dilation is a physical effect)

Cocaine's actions at which of the following targets make it a good topical anesthetic?

Na+ Channel Blocker and NET Inhibitor

Based on discussions in class, cocaine-induced locomotor activity in mice is strongly influenced by (Select all that apply):

a. D1 Receptors

b. D2 Receptors

c. D3 Receptors

d. D4 Receptors

e. DAT

f. NET

g. SERT

a. D1 Receptors

e. DAT

When does the following patient experience dysphoria following cocaine inhalation?

40-75 Minutes

T/F: Stereotyped behavior is an integrated behavioral sequence that acquires a simplified character, while being performed at an increasing rate and in a repetitive manner.

True

The experiment below measures ICSS thresholds in rats at various time points following 40 cocaine self-injections. Which of the following best explains the results at two hours?

Dysphoria

Dr. Buczynski trains a group of rats to self-administer cocaine. Following implantation of a microdialysis probe that allows him to measure neurotransmitter release in the nucleus accumbens, he puts the rats back in the self-adminstration chamber. However, he changes the experimental conditions so that the self-administration lever is removed from the apparatus. Instead, rats receive their typical pattern of cocaine infusions without pressing a lever (non-contingent schedule). Which of the following best describes the expected changes in neurotransmitter levels in the nucleus accubens during cocaine exposure in this experiment?

Dopamine levels increase, but glutamate levels decrease

Which of the following best describes the relationship between cocaine and amphetamine?

Amphetamine has more potency than cocaine and equal efficacy

Cocaine and amphetamines work through similar, but distinct, mechanisms of action. Which of the following are targeted by BOTH cocaine and amphetamines? (Select all that apply)

a. DAT

b. NET

c. TAAR1

d. Sodium Channels

a. DAT

b. NET

High doses of amphetamines can cause neurotoxicity through which mechanism:

Trapping DA in the cytosol of the terminal by inhibiting transporters and oxidases

Which of the following is an example of contingency contracting?

Providing an addict with a gift voucher after successful period of abstinence

A substantial number of clinical trials have been performed to investigate all of the following as potential treatments for cocaine addiction EXCEPT:

KOR agonists

Which are diagnostic criteria for ADHD? (Select all that apply)

Hyperactivity, Impulsivity, Inattention

Which of the following does NOT likely play a role in ADHD?

Overexpression of D3 Receptor

Which bests describes the difference between cocaine and methylphenidate (Ritalin®)?

Pharmacokinetics: They have different half-lives

Ritalin's is MUCH longer

Which of the following best describes the reason mephedrone acts more like MDMA than amphetamine in vivo?

Elevates serotonin levels in vivo

Which of the following is NOT an FDA approved medical use for amphetamines?

Anxiolytic therapy

Which of the following may appear similar to the positive symptoms of Schizophrenia?

Cocaine Binge

Could the following patient potentially be diagnosed with schizophrenia?

John has been experiencing auditory hallucinations, as well as anhedonia and a lack of spontaneity for the past 45 days. His attendance at school is becoming more sporadic, and he is subsequently struggling in his classes this semester.

Yes, he displays both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Schizophrenia was first effectively treated using ________ anti-psychotics, a class of drugs that function as ________ to the D2 receptor.

Typical ; Antagonists

T/F: Schizophrenia is considered a mood disorder.

False

Which of the following drug classes are NOT currently approved treatments for depression?

Stimulants

Which of the following best explains our current understanding for why antidepressants have a delayed onset of action (1-2 weeks)?

Over-activation of 5HT1A leads to desensitization and increased serotonin release

Which of the following statements about tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) is true​?

These drugs do not effect dopamine reuptake (no effect on DAT)

Activation of which serotonin receptor produces psychedelic effects?

5HT2A

How do psychedelics interact with their target serotonin receptor?

Full Agonist

Put the following behavioral stages of LSD in order from lowest (1) to highest (4) dose:

- Integral

- Recollective-Analytical

- Symbolic

- Sensory

1. Sensory

2. Recollective-Analytical

3. Symbolic

4. Integral