U3 required Supreme Court Cases

Engel v Vitale

School-sponsored prayer was unconstitutional b/c violated establishment clause of 1st amendment

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Compelling Amish students to attend school past 8th grade violates free exercise clause of 1st amendment

Tinker v. Des Moines

Students were suspended for wearing black armbands in protest of Vietnam war. School can only limit speech if it interferes with operations of school, first amendment.

Schenck v. US

Passed out leaflets telling the public to disobey the military draft, speech creating a clear & present danger in not protected under 1st amendment, sacrifices individual freedoms to preserve social order

NY times v. US

Papers leaked pentagon papers about Vietnam war. Defended 1st amendment freedom of press against prior restraint.

McDonald v. Chicago

McDonald wanted to own a gun & said it violated his 2nd amendment right. Due process clause of the 14th amendment extends 2nd’s right to keep & bear arms for self-defense

Gideon v. Wainwright

Felony for breaking & entering, requested a lawyer but court said no b/c it wasn’t a capital case. 6th amendment right to counsel is essential for a fair trial, applies due process clause of 14th amendment.

Brown v. Board of education

Racial segregation is unconstitutional & violated 14th amendment (states cannot deny equal rights)