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Population pyramid
An age structure diagram that is widest at the bottom and the smallest at the top, typical of developing countries.
Petroleum
A widely used fossil fuels that occurred in the underground deposits , composed of a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons, water, and sulfur.
ammonification
The process by which fungal and bacterial decomposer break down the organic nitrogen found in dead bodies and waste products and convert it into inorganic ammonium.
Keystone species
A species that is not very abundant but has large effects on an ecological community.
Replacement TFR
The total fertility rate required to offset the average number of deaths in a population in order to maintain the current population size.
Indicator species
A species that indicates whether or not disease causing pathogens are likely to be present.
Externality
The cost or benefit of a good or services that is not included in the purchase price of that good or services or otherwise accounted for.
Hydrological cycle
The movement of water through the biosphere.
Secondary succession
The succession of plant life that occurs in area that have been distributed but have not lost their soil.
Phosphorus
a mineral that naturally occurs in many foods and is also available as a supplement
Ozone
A secondary pollutant made up of three oxygen atoms bound together.
Transpiration
The release of water from leaves during photosynthesis.
Non point source population
When Runoff moves or picks up and carries natural/ humans made pollutants and carries it to lakes, rivers, wetlands, Coastal waters, ground waters.
Tragedy of the commons
The tendency of a shared limited records to become depleted if it is not regulated in the same way.
Humus
The most fully decomposed organic matter in the lowest section of the O horizon.
R- strategist
A species that has a high intrinsic growth rate, which often lead to population overshoot and die offs,
Salinization of soil
the accumulation of water-soluble salts in soil
Negative feedback
They occur when a system responds to change by trying to return to its original state or decrease the rate at which the change is occurring ( ocean ability to store heat)
Cone of depression
An area lacking groundwater due to rapid withdrawal by well.
Population doubling time
dividing 70 by the annual growth rate
Photosynthesis
The process by which producers use solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose
