Untitled

Vocabulary flashcards covering water chemistry, properties of water, macromolecule elements, monomers, polymers, lipid structures, protein folding, and nucleic acid directionality.

Surface Tension

A layer formed on top of water created exclusively by cohesion, where strong hydrogen bonds exist between water molecules at the surface.

Crystallized Hydrogen Bonds

The stable hydrogen bond structure formed in ice that creates air gaps, making ice less dense than liquid water so that it floats.

Sulfur

An element present in proteins that is involved in creating disulfide bridges during tertiary structure folding.

Phosphorus

The element found specifically in nucleic acids among the major macromolecules.

Cleave

A term meaning to cut, which describes what occurs during hydrolysis.

Steroid

A lipid structure characterized by a single hydrocarbon chain combined with a head.

Triglyceride

A lipid molecule consisting of three hydrocarbon chains combined with a head.

Polypeptide Chain

The polymer result of amino acids joining together via peptide bonds.

Peptide Bond

The specific type of covalent bond formed between amino acids during dehydration synthesis to build a protein's primary structure.

Beta Configuration

A carbohydrate hydroxyl configuration where hydroxyl groups alternate, providing structural support.

Saturated Fat

A lipid with straight, tightly packed tails that remains solid at room temperature.

Unsaturated Fat

A lipid containing at least one bent tail, causing it to be loosely packed and liquid at room temperature.

R Group

The variable region of an amino acid (one of $20$ different options) that aligns uniformly to assist with hydrogen bonding.

Disulfide Bridge

A bond interaction involving sulfur that forms when a protein folds into its three-dimensional tertiary structure.

Anti-parallel

The structural directionality characteristic of nucleic acid strands in DNA and RNA.