METALS AND NON METALS

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Metallic oxides turn red litmus blue

Metallic oxides are basic in nature; thus, these oxides can change the colour of red litmus to blue

Why is nitrogen used in food packaging?

Nitrogen is used in food packaging as it removes oxygen and moisture, thus preventing the spoilage of food

How does oiling, painting, greasing, or coating with another metal prevent corrosion?

Oiling, painting, greasing, or coating a layer of another metal prevents corrosion by creating a barrier between the metal and moisture/oxygen

Why can't copper displace zinc in a reaction?

Copper cannot displace zinc in a chemical reaction, but zinc can displace copper from its salt solution because zinc is more reactive than copper and is placed higher in the reactivity series

Difference between ductility and sonority

**Ductility**: The property by which substances can be drawn into thin wires. Most metals are ductile (e.g., gold, silver, aluminum, copper). Non-metals are non-ductile. **Sonority**: The property by which substances produce a ringing sound when struck with a hard object. Most metals are sonorous and used to make bells, while non-metals are non-sonorous

What is the significance of the activity series of metals?

The activity series indicates which metals are more reactive and helps predict whether a displacement reaction will take place or not

Reaction of Metals with Oxygen

Metals react with oxygen to form metallic oxides, which are basic in nature and turn red litmus blue. Example: Magnesium burns with a white flame in oxygen to form magnesium oxide

Reaction of Metals with Water

Metals react with water to form metal oxides/hydroxides and hydrogen gas. Example: Zinc reacts only with steam to form zinc oxide and releases hydrogen gas

Reaction of Metals with Acids

Most metals react with dilute acids to form salts and release hydrogen gas. Example: Sodium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride and hydrogen gas

Reaction of Metals with Bases

Some metals (Al, Zn, Pb) react with strong bases like sodium hydroxide, releasing hydrogen gas

What happens when an iron knife is dipped in blue copper sulfate solution?

Iron displaces copper from copper sulfate, forming iron sulfate, which is greenish in color. Reaction: **CuSO₄ + Fe → FeSO₄ + Cu**

How can we check the nature of gas evolved from burning charcoal?

Add a few drops of water to the test tube containing gas, shake well, and test with litmus. If blue litmus turns red, the gas is acidic

Reaction of Charcoal with Oxygen

**C + O₂ → CO₂ (carbon dioxide)**

Reaction of Carbon Dioxide with Water

**CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃ (carbonic acid)**, which turns blue litmus red //