Biology

Hydra

round base body, a cylindrical stalk, and a mouth surrounded by tentacles

Medusa

Free-swimming, umbrella shaped form of coelenterate

Polyp

cylindrical body type that is sessile and has mouth facing up

Golgi apparatus

shipping center of cell

Ribosome

protein factories of the cell

Vacuole

store food and other materials for later

Filarial worm

infects the lymphatic system and causes elephantiasis

Flukes

parasites that mostly live in

Planarians

free-living flatworms that live as scavengers

Earthworm

obtain oxygen through its skin

Cell wall

outside cell membrane that provides support and protection

Cytoplasm

fluid medium of cell

Cytoskeleton

internal skeleton to maintain the cell shape

Enzymes

protein molecules

Mitochondria

“power plants” of a cell

Nucleolus

region within nucleus that makes ribosomes

Cytokinesis

cytoplasm separates to form 2 cells

Cephalopods

squid, octopus, and nautilus

Cytology

study of cells

Osculum

large mouth like opening of a sponge

Ostia

incurrent pores of sponge where water enters through

Centrosome

microtubule organizing center

Rotifers

named for rotating appearance of the cilia on their front ends

Invertebrates

animals with no backbone

Nudibranchs

Marine slugs

Conch

A tropical marine mollusk with a spiral shell that may bear lung projections and have a fluted lip

Cilia

hairlike projections

Nautilus

only cephalopod with external shell

Nuclear envelope

separates nucleus from rest of cell

Setae

bristles that help earthworms move through soil

Pseudopods

false feed of amoeba

Echinoderms

A marine invertebrate of the phylum

Adductor muscles

holds the shells together

Bivalves

clams and scallops

Gastropoda

snails, slugs, conchs, and nudibranchs

Sponges

sessile invertebrates that lack a nervous system

ATP

phosphate molecule that serves as energy carrier of cell

Squid

torpedo shaped that moves by “jet propulsion”

Cell theory

all living things are composed of cells

Sea Worms

largest class of segmented worms

Sea anemones

beautiful “flowers” of the ocean with stinging tentacles

Amoeba

protozoan that uses pseudopods to move and engulf prey

Didinium

barrel-shaped ciliate that feeds on paramecia

Leeches

parasite known fort feeding on blood

Euglena

protozoan that possesses a flagellum, chloroplasts, and an eyespot

Paramecium

Ciliated protozoan that appears slipper-shaped under microscope

Stentor

trumpet shaped ciliate

Phagocytosis

cell engulfs solid food; “cell eating”

Pinocytosis

cell engulfs liquids; “cell drinking”

Lysosome

organelle that acts as a recycling center

Trypanosome

parasitic flagellate that is transmitted by a tsetse fly bite; causes African sleeping sickness

Vorticella

body shape of upside down bell

Segmented worms

earthworms, sea worms, and leeches

Rays

arms of starfish

Robert Hooke

first scientist to observe cells through a microscope

Scolex

tapeworms head

Mantle

skinlike organ of mollusk that covers the internal organs and produces the cell