Biology

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Biology

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57 Terms

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Hydra

round base body, a cylindrical stalk, and a mouth surrounded by tentacles

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Medusa

Free-swimming, umbrella shaped form of coelenterate

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Polyp

cylindrical body type that is sessile and has mouth facing up

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Golgi apparatus

shipping center of cell

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Ribosome

protein factories of the cell

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Vacuole

store food and other materials for later

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Filarial worm

infects the lymphatic system and causes elephantiasis

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Flukes

parasites that mostly live in

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Planarians

free-living flatworms that live as scavengers

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Earthworm

obtain oxygen through its skin

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Cell wall

outside cell membrane that provides support and protection

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Cytoplasm

fluid medium of cell

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Cytoskeleton

internal skeleton to maintain the cell shape

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Enzymes

protein molecules

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Mitochondria

“power plants” of a cell

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Nucleolus

region within nucleus that makes ribosomes

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Cytokinesis

cytoplasm separates to form 2 cells

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Cephalopods

squid, octopus, and nautilus

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Cytology

study of cells

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Osculum

large mouth like opening of a sponge

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Ostia

incurrent pores of sponge where water enters through

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Centrosome

microtubule organizing center

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Rotifers

named for rotating appearance of the cilia on their front ends

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Invertebrates

animals with no backbone

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Nudibranchs

Marine slugs

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Conch

A tropical marine mollusk with a spiral shell that may bear lung projections and have a fluted lip

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Cilia

hairlike projections

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Nautilus

only cephalopod with external shell

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Nuclear envelope

separates nucleus from rest of cell

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Setae

bristles that help earthworms move through soil

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Pseudopods

false feed of amoeba

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Echinoderms

A marine invertebrate of the phylum

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Adductor muscles

holds the shells together

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Bivalves

clams and scallops

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Gastropoda

snails, slugs, conchs, and nudibranchs

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Sponges

sessile invertebrates that lack a nervous system

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ATP

phosphate molecule that serves as energy carrier of cell

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Squid

torpedo shaped that moves by “jet propulsion”

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Cell theory

all living things are composed of cells

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Sea Worms

largest class of segmented worms

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Sea anemones

beautiful “flowers” of the ocean with stinging tentacles

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Amoeba

protozoan that uses pseudopods to move and engulf prey

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Didinium

barrel-shaped ciliate that feeds on paramecia

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Leeches

parasite known fort feeding on blood

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Euglena

protozoan that possesses a flagellum, chloroplasts, and an eyespot

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Paramecium

Ciliated protozoan that appears slipper-shaped under microscope

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Stentor

trumpet shaped ciliate

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Phagocytosis

cell engulfs solid food; “cell eating”

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Pinocytosis

cell engulfs liquids; “cell drinking”

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Lysosome

organelle that acts as a recycling center

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Trypanosome

parasitic flagellate that is transmitted by a tsetse fly bite; causes African sleeping sickness

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Vorticella

body shape of upside down bell

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Segmented worms

earthworms, sea worms, and leeches

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Rays

arms of starfish

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Robert Hooke

first scientist to observe cells through a microscope

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Scolex

tapeworms head

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Mantle

skinlike organ of mollusk that covers the internal organs and produces the cell