Chapter 12: Eye

blephar/o

eyelid

Conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

Cor/o

pupil

Corne/o

cornea

Pupill/o

pupil

Kerat/o

cornea

Dacry/o

tear(s)

Lacrim/o

tear(s)

ir/o

Iris

irid/o

iris

Ocul/o

Eye

Ophthalm/o

Eye

Opt/o

vision

Phac/o

lens

phak/o

Lens

Retin/o

Retina

Scler/o

Sclera

Cry/o

Cold

Cyst/o

Bladder, sac

Dipl/o

Two, double

Is/o

equal

Phot/o

light

Ton/o

tension, pressure

angi/o

vessel, blood vessels

blast/o

developing cell, germ cell

leuk/o

white

myc/o

fungus

pseud/o

false

rhin/o

nose

xer/o

dry, dryness

uve/o

uvea

a-, an-

absence of, without

endo-, intra-

within

-algia

pain

-al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic

pertaining to

-ectomy

excision, surgical removal

-graphy

process of recording, radiographic imagining

-ia

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

-itis

inflammation

-logist

one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)

-logy

study of

-malacia

softening

-meter

instrument used to measure

-metry

measurement

-oma

tumor, swelling

-osis

abnormal condition

-pathy

disease

-pexy

surgical fixation

-phobia

abnormal fear or aversion

-plasty

surgical repair

-plegia

paralysis

-ptosis

drooping, sagging, prolapse

-scope

instrument used for visual examination

-scopy

visual examination

-stomy

creation of artificial opening

-tomy

cut into, incision

Bi-

two

Bin-

two

-opia

vision (condition)

Aphakia

condition of without a lens (may be congenital, though often is the result of extraction of a cataract without the placement of an intraocular lens)

Blepharitis

inflammation of the eyelid

Blepharoptosis

Drooping of the eyelid

Conjunctivitis

inflammation of the conjunctiva (aka pink eye)

Dacryocystitis

inflammation of the tear (lacrimal) sac

Diplopia

double vision

Endophthalmitis

inflammation within the eye

Iridoplegia

paralysis of the iris

Iritis

inflammation of the iris

Keratitis

inflammation of the cornea

Keratomalacia

softening of the cornea (usually a bilateral condition associated with vitamin A deficiency)

Leukocoria

condition of white pupil

Oculomycosis

abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus

Ophthalmalgia

pain in the eye

Ophthalmoplegia

paralysis of the eye (muscle)

Phacomalacia

softening of the lens

Photophobia

abnormal fear of (sensitivity to) light

Retinoblastoma

tumor arising from a developing retinal cell (malignant, may be congenital; occurs mainly in children)

Retinopathy

(any noninflammatory) disease of the retina (such as diabetic retinopathy)

Scleritis

inflammation of the sclera

Scleromalacia

softening of the sclera

Xerophthalmia

condition of dry eye (conjunctiva and cornea)

Blepharoplasty

surgical repair of the eyelid

Cryoretinopexy

surgical fixation of the retina by using extreme cold (carbon dioxide)

Dacryocystorhinostomy

creation of an artificial opening between the tear (lacrimal) sac and the nose (to restore drainage into the nose when the nasolacrimal duct is obstructed or obliterated)

Dacryocystotomy

incision into the tear (lacrimal) sac

Iridectomy

Excision (of part) of the iris

Iridotomy

incision into the iris

Keratoplasty

surgical repair of the cornea (corneal transplant)

Sclerotomy

incision into the sclera

Amblyopia

reduced vision in one eye caused by disuse or misuse associated with strabismus, unequal refractive errors, or otherwise impaired vision. The brain suppresses images from the impaired eye to avoid double vision (also called lazy eye)

Anisometropia

significant unequal refractive error between two eyes

astigmatism (Ast)

blurred vision caused by irregular curvature of the cornea or lens. Light refracts improperly, resulting in diffused, rather than points of light focusing on the retina.

Cataract

clouding of the lens of the eye

Chalazion

non-infected obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid (also called meibomian cyst)

Drusen

yellowish deposits located under the retina; commonly associated with aging and macular degeneration

Glaucoma

eye disorder characterized by increase of intraocular pressure (IOP). If left untreated may progress to optic nerve damage and visual impairment or loss

Hyperopia

farsightedness

Hyphema

hemorrhage within the anterior chamber of the eye; most often caused by blunt trauma (aka hyphemia)

Macular degeneration

progressive deterioration of the portion of the retina called the macula, resulting in loss of central vision

Myopia

nearsightedness