Unit 9 - Energy in Ecosystem
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35 Terms
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Decomposition
the process by which decomposers break down dead material and waste into simpler substances
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Energy Pyramid
A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one trophic level to another in a food chain
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Photosynthesis
process by which producers / plants use the energy in sunlight to create their own food
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Trophic Level
the position that an organism occupies in a food chain, food web, or energy pyramid (e.g., producer, primary consumer, etc.)
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Consumer
An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms in a food chain/web/pyramid
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Producer
An organism that makes its own food in a food chain/web/pyramid
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Primary Consumer
An organism that eats producers
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Secondary Consumer
An organism that eats primary consumers
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Tertiary Consumer
An organism that eats secondary consumers
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Top Consumer/Apex Predator
the last consumer in a food chain; is not directly preyed upon
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Autotroph
Broad category organisms that make their own food
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Heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food.
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Food Web
a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.
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Food Chain
A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
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Biomass
total amount of organisms within a trophic level
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10% Law
Only 10% of the energy in one trophic level gets passed onto the next trophic level
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Herbivore
organism that obtains energy by eating producers
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Carnivore
organism that obtains energy by eating consumers
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Omnivore
organism that obtains energy by eating both producers and consumers
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Scavenger
A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms
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Detritivore
organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter
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Decomposer
an organism, especially bacteria, fungus or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.
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heat
Energy lost to the environment in an energy pyramid.
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10%
The amount of energy that is lost as energy moves from one trophic level to the next
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Plants Release
Oxygen
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Plants take in
Carbon Dioxide
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Animals breathe out
Carbon Dioxide
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Animals breathe in
Oxygen
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Nutrients
Substances organisms need to survive, grow, and reproduce
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Primary
1 (one)
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Secondary
2 (two)
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Tertiary
3 (three)
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from bottom to top
The direction energy moves in an energy pyramid
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bottom
where the most energy/biomass exists in an energy pyramid
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top
where the least energy/biomass exists in an energy pyramid
Note 
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