CJ Chapter 1

As an institution of social control, criminal justice differs from the family, schools, organized religion, the media, and the law in that it

is generally society's "last line of defense."

Like the family, schools, organized religion, the media, and the law, criminal justice is a(n)

institution of social control.

American criminal justice consists of three main agencies. Which of the following is NOT one of those three main agencies?

prisons

Which of the following types of offenses may be punishable by death in the United States?

a felony

The term "jurisdiction," as used in your text, means

a politically defined geographical area.

During which of the following stages is an administrative record of an arrest made?

Booking

A suspect becomes a defendant after

one or more charges have been filed.

The purpose of a(n) ________ is for a judge to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that the defendant committed the crime or crimes with which he or she is charged.

preliminary hearing

The primary purpose of a(n) ________ is to hear the formal information or indictment and to allow the defendant to enter a plea.

arraignment

About ________ of criminal defendants plead guilty to the charges against them in an arrangement called plea bargaining.

95 percent

Cases that are not resolved through plea bargaining or by a jury trial are decided by a judge in a(n)

bench trial.

One of the main purposes of an arraignment is to

allow the defendant to enter a plea.

Currently, five general types of punishment are in use in the United States. Which of the following is NOT one of these punishments?

transportation

Defendants can appeal their convictions on legal or constitutional grounds. Which of the following is an example of a constitutional ground on which a defendant may appeal a conviction?

illegal search and seizure

Which of the following statements is true of parole?

It is given before prisoners have served their full sentences.

Because there is considerable conflict and confusion between different agencies of criminal justice, an accurate way of defining American criminal justice may be to call it

a nonsystem.

When politically conservative values are dominant in society, the principles and policies of ________ seem to dominate the operation of criminal justice.

the crime control model

According to the crime control model of criminal justice, the most important function of criminal justice is

the control of criminal behavior.

The due process model is based on the doctrine of

legal guilt.

Which of the following is a condition of legal guilt?

the right to counsel