History Unit 7

Nationalism

evolved from cultural unity

Nationalists tried to create a political entity based on

culture

Nationalism's roots lay in the

French Revolution and Napoleonic wars

Characteristics of nationalism include

sharing a common language, sharing cultural traditions and a defined territory.

Italy tried to

conquer Ethiopia in order to colonize it, Italy lost the fight to Menelik II, and that country retained its independence from European domination.

At the Congress of Vienna,

the victorious allies were guided by the principle of the balanceof power.

Denmark went to war with

Prussia 1st, then Austria and France last.

One of the most famous members of the Young Italy movement was

Mazzini.

Austria presented

the greatest obstacle to unification in Italy.

Great Britain secured

the largest part of Africa during its partition.

The Decembrist Revolution of 1825 occurred in

Russia.

The dominant personality at the Congress of Vienna was

Metternich.

The July Revolution in France resulted in the

Installation of Louis Philippe as king.

Ems (insulting telegram) led to the declaration of war by

Germany against France.

To build German strength in Europe,

Bismarck relied upon war, diplomacy and industrialism.

Greece was able to achieve independence from Turkish rule with

assistance from Britain,France, and Russia.

Liberia was an independent nation in Africa during

the Age of Imperialism.

Leopold II

Belgian monarch who exploited the Congo

Cecil Rhodes

British imperialist who envisioned a British-controlled Africa

Wilhelm I

First Kaiser of Germany

Otto von Bismarck

Prime minister who unified Germany

David Diop

African poet whose writing shows distaste for European imperialism.

Queen Victoria

Monarch of England during the Age of Imperialism.

Camillo Cavour

The Statesman who unified Italy.

Victor Emanuel II

First King of Italy.

Menelik II

Monarch of here independent state of Ethiopia.

Rudyard Kipling

Author of "White Man's Burden"

Henry M. Stanley

Journalist hired by New York Herald to find missing missionary.

Dr. David Livingstone

Scottish missionary who brought the Gospel to Africans.

During the congress of Vienna,

the Four Great Powers was formed to preserve Europe from revolutionary movements and to ensure that France carried out terms of the peace.

Risorgimento is the term that notes

the unification of Italy.

Rome was the last portion of Italy to become

united with those areas already joined.

Be able to explain the motives behind the imperialistic actions of Europeans in Africa and Asia.

Economical- The Industrial Revolution stimulated the hunt for colonies. Colonies provided raw materials and served as a market for surplus manufactured goods.

Political- They wanted to control as much of the world as possible and to do that they needed to increase their political power and prestige

Cultural- The Europeans regarded themselves as racially and culturally superior to the people of Africa and Asia. Humanitarians argued that Europe’s noble duty was to uplift and enlighten the backward peoples.

Religious- Religion encouraged imperialism. People felt they needed to acquire territory in order to Christianize people.

Military- Every imperialist country was worried about its own national security and the competition among imperialist powers was vicious. One had to protect one’s own country and its colonies. Every country wanted to gain a military advantage over its rivals.

Be able to explain why the unification of Italy and Germany creates difficulty in diplomatic relations in Europe.

Before the unification of Germany and Italy, the small nations that encompassed those regions all built themselves up to be powerful and developed separately. With the unification of Germany and Italy, all that very highly developed land was now under two nations instead of 20. This created a power vacuum, as those two were superpowers, and diplomacy centered around Germany and Italy.