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Inferiority feelings
Motivate us to strive for mastery, success (superiority), and completion
We are driven to overcome our sense of inferiority and to strive for increasingly higher levels of development
Phenomenological
Adlerians attempt to view the world from the client’s subjective frame of reference
Subjective reality
paying attention to the individual way in which people perceive their world
Individual Psychology
Avoid reductionism
Adler emphasized the unity and indivisibility of the person and stressed understanding the whole person in the context of his or her life
Holistic concept
 implies that we cannot be understood in parts; rather, all aspects of ourselves must be understood in relationship
Fictional finalism
refer to an imagined life goal that guides a person’s behavior
Guiding self-ideal & goal of perfection: striving toward superiority or perfection
Lifestyle
includes the connecting themes and rules of interaction that give meaning to our actions
Often described as our perceptions regarding self, others, and the world
Includes an individual’s characteristic way of thinking, acting, feeling, living, and striving toward long-term goals
Social interest
the action line of one’s community feeling, and it involves being as concerned about others as one is about oneself
Community feeling
Embodies the feeling of being connected to all of humanity— past, present, and future—and to being involved in making the world a better place
Those who lack this community feeling become discouraged and end up on the useless side of life
Early recollections (ERs)
“Stories of events that a person says occurred [one time] before he or she was 10 years of age”Â
Specific incidents that clients recall, along with the feelings and thoughts that accompanied these childhood incidents
Lifestyle assessment
learning to understand the goals and motivations of the client
Private logic
concepts about self, others, and life that constitute the philosophy on which an individual’s lifestyle is based
Subjective interview
the counselor helps the client to tell his or her life story as completely as possible
facilitated by a generous use of empathic listening and responding
Objective interview
- seeks to discover information about (a) how problems in the client’s life began; (b) any precipitating events; (c) a medical history, including current and past medications; (d) a social history; (e) the reasons the client chose therapy at this time; (f) the person’s coping with life tasks; and (g) a lifestyle assessment
Family constellation, early recollections, integration and summary
Insight
“understanding translated into constructive action”
Interpretation
deals with clients’ underlying motives for behaving the way they do in the here and now
Encouragement process
entails showing faith in people, expecting them to assume responsibility for their lives, and valuing them for who they areÂ
Change and search for new possibilities
Making a difference
Reorientation
involves shifting rules of interaction, process, and motivation; change in awareness