ap world history

the Persians, led by Emperor; hailing from modern day___

Cyrus the great; Iran

What's a primary source

A written source or object from the time period being studied

What's a secondary source

A written source abt smth or someone from another time period

Syncretizing

a blending of ideas or beliefs

Persian (Achaemenid) Empire emerged as a what kind of state

Military and administrative powerhouse that was a extremely successful state system

Satrap are

Local governors is Persia

Centralized

Controlled by one main authority or in one single location

What did the Persians develop that helped with travel and communication

Roads and standardized coins

Greek city state that was ran by a democracy

Athens

What is polytheism

Belief in many gods

Democratic

ruled by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect representatives to make and carry out laws.

Which person united most of Greek mainland following some military reforms

Philip of Macedon

Who is Philips son

Alexander the great

Who would continue and lead on Macedonia and Greek and turn out to have the best military campaigns in history

Alexander the Great

Alexander marched his army thru Egypt, Anatolia, Levant, and into Persia ending what empire

The aechmenid

What was the philosophical way of life centered on inquiry regarding if truth or knowledge is attainable

skepticism

monotheism

belief in one God

who came into Rome with an army and initiated the empire of Rome

Julius Caesar

Roman citenzenship offered

full protection and privileges to those it conquered with no strings attached

governor

an official appointed or elected to serve as the chief administrator and judge in a Roman province

Golden age of India is what empire

Gupta empire

a period where 7 kingdoms went to war

warring states period

the system emphasized the existence of a

strong state built on moral law, strict secular laws and punishments,

as well as administrative positions based on individual merit

legalism

this empire independently created the first successful large-scale centralize empire in East Asia and established a foundational state system for later Chinese dynasties, and successfully unified the regional kingdoms into an empire

qin dynasty

the adoption of legalism allowed who to grow and eventually defeating the other kingdoms and ending the Warring States Period

Shihuangdi of Qin

liu Bang leaded which empire

han controlled china

The Han dynasty issued in a golden age and improved what did they develop

developing the world's first trade between the two realms known as Silk Road

what philosophy did the Han dynasty take in

confucianism

a network of trade routes known collectively as the _____ of Asia

silk roads; china to Mediterranean

the Han officially adopted

Confucianism as the official state philosophy under Emperor

Wu of Han

Hinduism believes what

a cycle of rebirth and reincarnation with the

overall goal of transcending human life and uniting with Brahma

reincarnation

the continuous cycle of birth, death, and rebirth

live their life fulfilling their caste task, even if they

were bad at it; the fulfillment of their caste duty was referred to as

dharma

the universal law of cause and effect; every action has a reaction

karma

an ancient social structure that divides society into four main hereditary classes called

caste system

what did Siddartha Gautama form

buddhism

Buddhism is

ridding yourself of such desires by leading

a simple, meditated life in which any person could achieve nirvana; life is defined by one's suffering

Ashoka ruled what empire

mauryan empire

Ashoka encouraged what

the spread pf buddhism

monotheistic religion-one that believed in a single, all-powerful deity

Zoroastrianism

second temple judaism is

Judaism shifted to a more Zoroastrian model

what is a Tanakh

the Hebrew bible

christianity

Jesus of Nazareth as a messiah

what did Paul Tarsus do

engaged in extensive missionary work and traveling to keep the religion alive despite Roman persecution

who taught that taught that humans should pursue a life oriented towards being 'good' for the sake of Good, spiritual gender equality & duty, and charity

Zoroaster

a philosopher, teacher, and politician who created a philosophy and focused on personal morality, strong family loyalty, and social harmony

confucius

teaching that expects people pursue education, honest, integrity, morality, and, perhaps most importantly, remain loyal to their duties and hierarchical superiors

Confucianism

three fundamental levels from the individual, to the family, and finally to the state is what philosophy

Confucianism

Analects is

a series of writings

a triangular sail mounted on a long pole called a yard, which is set at an angle to the mast.

lateen sails

large-scale seasonal reversals in surface wind direction that result in distinct wet and dry periods

monsoon winds

the largest sea-based system of communication and exchange in pre-modern world history powered by monsoon winds

Indian Ocean trade network

a series of four conflicts fought between the Roman Republic and the Kingdom

Macedonian wars

a series of three major conflicts fought between the Roman Republic and the Phoenician city-state of Carthage; resulting in roman victory, claimed dominance over mediterranean sea

punic wars