ch 32 ortho trauma

ac joint (acromioclavicular joint)

simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder

amputation

injyr in which part of the body is completely severed

articular cartilage

pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on ends) of bones in synovial joints

compartment syndrome

swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blow flow or damage sensitive tissue

crepitus

grating or grinding sensation or sounds caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together

dislocation

disruption of a joint in wich ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact

displaced fx

fx in which bone fragments are separated from one another producing a deformitiy in the limb

false motion

movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there is no joint, indicating a fx aka free movement

fascis

fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments

glenoid fossa

part of the scapula that joins iwth the humeral head to form the glenohumeral joint

joint

place wher two bones come into contact

ligaments

bands of fibrous tissue tha connect bones to bones. ligaments uspport and strengthen a joint

nondisplaced fx

hairline fx

point tenderness

tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of an injury found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger

position of function

a hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed

reduce

to retun a dislocated joint or fx into it normal position

retroperitoneal space

sapce between the abd cavity, and the posterior abd wall, containing kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the GI tract

sciatic nerve

major nerve to the lower extremities; controls much of msucle function in the leg and sensation in most of the leg and foot

sprain

joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments, and sometimes partial or temporaary dislocation of bone ends

strain

stretching or tearing of a muscle; aka pulled muscle

traction

longitudinal fore applied to a structure

zone of injury

area of potentially damaged soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint