Exam 3 (8,9, & 10 up until angel's trumpet) cp/all quizzes/RA

What American innovation in 1835 contributed to spice preparation?

Chili powder preparation

How did the U.S. first enter the global spice trade in the 1600's?

By trading black pepper from Indonesia to Salem, Massachusetts

Which explorer reached India by sailing around Africa's Cape of Good Hope?

Vasco da Gama

Which ancient civilization used spices for embalming and religious rituals?

Egyptians

What two spices are from modified, underground storage rhizomes?

Ginger and turmeric

Traditional Indian curry powder is a mix of different spices in varying proportions.

True

Chinese mustard is also consumed as a leafy green.

True

Jalapeno peppers are more pungent than habanero peppers.

False

In 1271, began his travels at seventeen years of age to East Asia, and witnessed the spice plantations.

Marco Polo

Mustard, capers, and tarragon are all members of the mustard family.

False

Which of the following is the "King of spices"?

Black pepper

New biotechnology methods attempt to reduce the price of pure vanilla.

True

Which spice is known for the compound called myristicin?

Nutmeg

Cinnamon trees are native to...

Sri Lanka

Which of the following spices has uses in desserts, medicines, toothpastes, and also in cigarettes?

Cloves

Which of the following pairs of spices could come from the same fruit?

Nutmeg and mace

Ginger is native to Jamaica

False

As per historical documents, a year's worth of cloves was burnt as a tribute to Nero's wife.

False

Eugenol is abundant in which spice?

Both cloves and all spice

Which of the following spices do Hindu rituals use extensively?

Turmeric

Commercially sold coriander and cumin seeds are actually not the seeds but entire fruits.

True

Asafoetida is the dried stem portion of a giant fennel.

False

A spice, which has the combined flavor of cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves is:

Pimenta dioica (all spice)

The United States spice trade started with black pepper.

True

What is the name of the natural plant compounds derived from fever bark tree?

Quinine

Cinchona plants are closely related to which other plant we discussed in this course?

Coffee

match the phytochemicals to the correct plant source

Atropine: Belladonna

Artemisinin: Wormwood

The doctrine of signatures was the principle source of reference for modern medicine.

False

The following belong to a class of chemical compounds. Pick out the exception.

Digitalin

3 multiple choice options

De Materia Medica was written by:

Dioscorides

Treatment for dropsy used cyanogenic glycosides from foxglove.

False

Match the chemicals in Column 1 to the plant they derive from in Column 2. May use answer once, more than once, or not at all.

Fever bark tree: Quinine

Periwinkle: Vincristine

Pacific yew: Taxol

Which of the following pairs of plants belong to the same family?

Periwinkle and snakeroot

Aloin is an alkaloid.

False

The use of ephedra is well known in cancer treatment.

False

The medical compounds of aloe concentrate is in the sticky sap of leaves.

True

Often it is the dose that determines the medicinal or toxic effects of mayapple.

True

Scientific evidences prove that a protozoan parasite causes malaria.

True

Reverend Edmund Stone worked on the medicinal properties of:

Willow

A plant family known for many included plant species that contain tropane alkaloids.

Solanaceae (Nightshade)

The active principles found in most medicinal plants are from primary metabolic products.

False

Hindu healers of India used snakeroot to treat lunacy.

True

Ancient Italian actresses used leaf extracts of _____________ to enhance the beauty of their eyes.

Atropa belladonna

We obtain reserpine from the _________ of __________.

Roots; Rauwolfia

Most glycosides have an active principle attached to a sugar group.

True

Match the historical events/associations of Cannabis to each geographic region. May use choice once, more than once, or none at all.

Hallucinogenic property first discovered: India

Hashish clubs were established: Europe

First paper from Cannabis was obtained: China

First use of Cannabis in Hookah pipes: Arab countries

The psychoactive compounds of marijuana mostly occur in the:

Glandular trichomes

The genus name of this plant derives from a Greek word that refers to one of the three fates endowed with the power of life and death.

Belladonna

Angel's trumpet, Henbane, and Datura are all related in the following aspects EXCEPT for one. Pick that exception.

all contain deadly glycosides

In general, the plant drugs that cause changes in thought and emotion, and modify perception and consciousness are referred to as _____

hallucinogens

"Drinking smoke" an ancient practice among Native American tribes, involved smoking Cannabis.

False

Scopolamine is a type of tropane alkaloid.

True

Frederick Serturner isolated which of the following?

Morphine

Which compounds are derived from the latex of young, immature capsules of a medicinal plant?

morphine and codeine

In this country, the religious rituals involving Cannabis are attributed to the "Lord of Bhang" (Lord Shiva)

India

The active compounds of tobacco plants are originally produced in the roots.

True

Cassava and stone fruit pits are known for the accumulation of ______

precursor for cyanogenic glycosides

Crude opium traditionally filled "hookas"

False

Match the following chemicals from column 1 to the appropriate plant source in column 2.

Belladonna: Atropine

Milk weed: Cardiac glycosides

Poison hemlock: Coniine

Coniine: Cardiac glycosides

Abrin: Mescaline

Crude opium is derived from the dried latex of the opium plant.

True

Which of the following genera exemplify the doctrine of signature?

Mandragora

India is the "Land of mulberry and hemp"

False

A legal drug obtained from opium is codeine.

True

The most recent discovery of opium use was in the Arab world

False

The largest legal producer of opium is:

India

Cannabis is native to the New World

False

Which of the following would fit in the category of a stimulant drug?

Cocaine

A single spice, which has the combined flavor of cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves, is:

All spice

Which two spices are derived from the same family?

ginger and cardamom

The most expensive spice in today's economy is _____

Saffron

When you cook with the white pepper, which part of the pepper plant are you using?

the pit of a drupe

Cinnamon trees are native to

Sri Lanka

Which spice is sold whole as a "quill"?

Cinnamon

Which plant family gives us a variety of herbs including dill and cumin?

Carrot family

Mustard, Cilantro, and Turmeric are all members of the mustard family.

False

The "aril" portion becomes a spice that we refer to as _____

Mace

New biotechnology methods have helped in reducing the price of pure vanilla

True

The plant compound sinigrin is responsible for the pungent flavor of horseradish.

True

Most glycosides have an active principle attached to a sugar group

True

________, a valuable medicinal plant, is a conifer.

Ephedra

Which medicinal plant exemplifies the "Doctrine of signatures"?

Rauwolfia serpentina

_________, from Chinese wormwood plant, has applications in treating malaria.

Artemisinin

Dr. William Withering worked on the medicinal properties of:

Foxglove

The following belong to a class of chemical compounds. Pick out the exception.

Salicin

3 multiple choice options

Vinblastine and vincristine from ______ are employed in chemotherapy.

Rosy periwinkle

When aspirin was created for the first time, the phytochemicals from ______ were used.

Spiraea

Which medicinal plant is included in the milkweed family?

Snakeroot

Which plant-derived active compound has application in ophthalmology?

Atropine

The Doctrine of signatures was the principal source of reference for modern medicine.

False

Foxglove plant provided us with a ______

cardioactive glycoside for heart-related issues

What is the key difference between spices and herbs in the terms of aroma and flavor?

Spices give strong aromas; herbs impart subtle flavor