APUSH Period 3 Study Set

AMSCO Chapter 4, 5, and 6

Pontiac’s Rebellion

Launched in 1763, it an uprising by Native American tribes against British rule in the Great Lakes region, aiming to resist British expansion and influence.

Proclamation of 1763

After the French and Indian War, this forbid colonists from settling further West, leaving the land to the Native Americans to avoid conflict. This upset colonists as they had fought for the land and wanted to settle it. 

Seven Years War (French and Indian War)

A war that was much more prominent in Europe but bled onto American soil; conflict between the colonists and Great Brain vs the French and Native Americans, fought over control of the continent

Paxton Boys

A group of men who went around and massacred innocent Native Americans as an attempt to enact revenge on the Native Americans after Pontiac’s Rebellion/War

Regulators Movement

Uprisings and protests against corrupt colonial rule, wanting more representative rule and lower taxes 

Albany Plan of Union

A failed plan of union for the colonies in which they would work together, but it was the first act of colonial togetherness. 

Enlightenment Ideas

Ideas like Rousseau’s social contract and Locke’s right to revolt and natural rights inspired revolutionary thought in the colonies.

Rationalism

Philosophical idea that reason is the primary source of knowledge 

Sugar Act

An act passed in attempt to help pay for the French and Indian war that taxed sugar and molasses in the colonies 

Stamp Act

Trying to raise funds to pay off the debt from the French and Indian War by requiring a stamp to be put on taxed paper - fostered “no taxation without representation”

Quartering Act

Stated that Colonists would have to house and pay for British soldiers staying in the colonies 

Declaratory Act

Act that asserted Britain’s control over the colonies, also repealed the Stamp Act 

Townshend Acts

Series of acts that taxed glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea

Tea Act

Law that gave the East India Company a monopoly on tea, made their tea cheaper than smuggled tea 

Coercive Acts

AKA the Intolerable Acts - series of laws passed to punish Mass. for the Boston Tea party; closed down Boston harbor, replaced their government with royal officials, and more of the beloved quartering act 

First Continental Congress

Meeting of colonial delegates in response to the Coercive Acts, organization of a boycott of British goods

Second Continental Congress

Colonial governing body during the Revolutionary War and issued the Declaration of Independence 

Boston Massacre 

Killing of citizens who were harassing the soldiers by British soldiers; debate over whose fault it was 

Boston Tea Party 

The dumping of tea at Boston Harbor from a British merchant ship in protest 

Olive Branch Petition

Final attempt to prevent the Revolutionary War; asked the king to repeal the taxes that angered the colonists and pledging loyalty if he were to do so. King George III ignored it lolz

Declaration of Independence

A declaration of the independence of the American colonies; criticized King George III and the British government and asserts the right to revolt against a government that doesn’t protect the natural rights of the peopel 

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Established a government for Northwest colonial land and outlined how new states would be annexed (considered to be the only good thing under the Articles). This also banned slavery in that area.

Articles of Confederation

The first governing document of the United States, weak and gave barely any power to the central government

Treaty of Paris

The treaty that ended the American Revolution by recognizing them as their own country 

Common Sense

Document by Thomas Paine that inspired the colonies to declare independence

Shays’s Rebellion

Uprisings of farmers in west Mass. protesting high taxes and the economic state of the new country under the Articles. 

Federalists

People that supported a strong, central government and the ratification of the Constitution 

Anti-Federalists

People that didn’t agree with the Constitution and feared that the states’ power would be taken away

Alien and Sedation Acts

Laws passed by Federalist-dominated congress that raised residency-requirements, gave the president the power to deport people, and made it a crime to criticize the government 

National Bank

A bank that the taxes of the people were put into for the federal government to access for projects; the US government is a large shareholder in this bank 

Whiskey Rebellion 

Rebellion of farmers protesting the new federal tax of whiskey. Washington successfully led a militia to peaceful put down the revolts, putting down the revolts and demonstrating the power of the federal government. 

Constitutional Convention

The group of delegates that debated and eventually ratified the Constitution.

Checks and Balances

Limits of power in the government to prevent tyranny

Judicial Branch

The Supreme Court

Executive Branch

The president and law enforcement

Legislative Branch

Congress

Connecticut Compromise (house vs senate) 

The compromise that created two branches of congress, the House of Representatives representing people based on district populations, and the Senate representing everyone equally 

King George III

The King of England during the American Revolution 

Parliament

Representative governmental body in England that has taxing power

Thomas Jefferson

Founding Father, an author of the Constitution, and a 3rd president. Made the Louisiana Purchase. Democratic-Republican.

Alexander Hamilton

Treasurer, created the plan for fixing America’s debt problems, federalist.

George Washington

1st president of the US, outstanding military leader

Patrick Henry

Founding father, advocate for independence, “give me liberty or give me death” 

James Otis

“No taxation without representation,” advocate for revolution, father of the revolution

Samuel Adams

Founding father, co-founder of the Sons of Liberty and helped organize the Boston Tea Party

John Adams

2nd president, leading advocate for independence, federalist

Lord Frederick North

Prime minister of the UK, contributed to the defeat during the Revolutionary War 

Edward Braddock

British commander/general, often viewed as having lackluster tactics during the French and Indian War

John Dickinson

“Penman of the Revolution,” wrote Letters from a Farmer, but did not oppose British rule, just wanted to reform

William Dawes

Revolutionary minutemen, helped Paul Revere say “The British are Coming!!!”

Paul Revere

Known for his Midnight Ride, which warned to the presence of British troops and helped cause the battles of Lexington and Concord.

Thomas Paine 

Author of Common Sense, founding father 

James Madison

Father of the Constitution and helping write the Federalist Papers

John Jay

Founding father who helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris