AP Euro Dates 32-1450

32

origins of christianity, missionary spirit

333

• city becomes capital of byzantine empire, crossroads for trade

• constantinople built to be the “New Rome”, becomes capital of the byzantine empire (eastern euro)

476

collapse of the roman empire; cities, trade, & knowledge all but disappear

500-1500

• middle ages in europe

• europe is politically fragmented, lacking in centralized govt, its all christian

• rise of catholic church as a economic, political, & social power

800

• creation of the holy roman empire

• charlamagne rules the holy roman empire in europe; HRE lasts until 1806 w/ napolean

1054

• great schism

• 1st split in christian faith, divison b/w the east (orthodox) & the west (roman catholic)

1095

• first crusade to free the holy lands, arabs & europeans coming into contact w/ one another

• transfer of knowledge - math, science, medicine

• cities & trade routes reemerge

1271-1295

• marco polo to china

• euro learns of china - demand for chinese luxury goods

1347-48

bubonic plague, 1/3 of europe population dies

1381

peasant revolt in England; result of labor shortage and tax increases due to plague, feudalism starts to dissolve

1304-1347

• petrarch - father of humanism

• start of a new movement that focused on secular vs. religious, starts to glorify the individual; vernacular replaces latin

1419

• prince henry the navigator opens up a naval academy in portugal

• europe experiences a transfer of knowledge from jewish & muslim scholars: learns of the magnetic compass, astrolabe, lateen sail, & cartography

1450

Johan Guttenberg invents the printing press & moveable type

1453

• collapse of the byzantine empire in eastern europe

• constantinople is rebranded istanbul

• eastern europe is no longer governed by christians

1480

• newly unified russia, govt starts to centralize

• end of the golden horde in russia, ivan the great becomes the first tsar

1488

• dias - first european to make it to the indian ocean

• portuguese round the cape of good hope

1498

• vasco da gama disrupts trade; portuguese cme in w guns & jesus!

• vasco da gama reaches india & brings cinnamon & pepper back to europe

• portuguese enter the I.O, ends ~1000 years of peaceful trade

1492

• columbus explores the atlantic ocean

• reconquista: jews & muslims are kicked out of spain - jews go to amsterdam, jews & muslims go to constantinople (ottoman empire, aka istanbul)

1495

treaty of tordesillas; pope divides the world b/w spain & portugal