Module 10 Study Guide Romanesque and Gothic Europe

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the study guide on Romanesque and Gothic Europe.

Crusades

The _______________ are a series of ostensibly religious campaigns by Christian forces from the 11th to the 13th century, mostly to capture the Holy Land from the Muslims who occupied it. 

Romanesque Art

_________________________ refers to the art of Europe from the late 10th century to the rise of the Gothic style in the 13th century. 

Groin Vault

The intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults is a _________________

Semi-Circular

Romanesque architecture is distinguished by massive quality, thick walls, _________________ arches, sturdy piers, groin vaults, large towers, and decorative arcades. 

Tympanum

A triangular space between the sides of a pediment; the space within an arch and above a lintel or a subordinate arch, spanning the opening below the arch is called the ______________. 

This is true 

(True / False) In a significant innovation, the tympanums of important church portals were carved with monumental schemes, again depicting Christ in Majesty or the Last Judgement but treated with more freedom than in painted versions. 

This is true

( True / False ) The First Romanesque style developed in the north of Italy, parts of France, and the Iberian Peninsula during the 10th and 11th centuries. 

Gothic

Of or relating to the architectural style favored in western Europe in the 12th to 16th centuries is known as _________. 

Monasteries

Columns were often used in Romanesque architecture, but varied in building material and decorative style. The alternation of piers and columns was found in both churches and ____________. 

Capital

The uppermost part of a column is known as the ____________. 

Rayonnant Style

The _______________________ is a period of French Gothic architecture between c. 1240 and 1350, characterized by a shift in focus away from the High Gothic mode of great scale toward a greater concern for two dimensional surfaces and the repetition of decorative motifs at different scales. 

Abbot Suger

______________ is considered the ″Father of the Gothic period″ as he launched the Gothic style with his renovations at the Saint-Denis. 

Secular 

Aside from monumental sculpture, smaller, portable sculptural pieces were also popular during the Gothic period in some urban centers, taking the form of small reliefs in ivory , bone, and wood and covering both religious and ________________ subjects. 

German

The Cologne Cathedral is an example of ___________ Gothic architecture

This is true 

( True / False ) The Gero-Kreuz is the oldest sculpture of the crucified Christ north of the Alps and is located in the Cologne Cathedral. 

Byzantine

The transition from the Romanesque to the Gothic style of painting happened quite slowly in Italy because Italy was strongly influenced by _____________ art, especially in painting. 

Cimabue and Duchio

______________ and ________________ were trained in the Byzantine style, but they were the first great Italian painters to start breaking away from the Italo-Byzantine art form. 

Flying Buttress

The most fundamental element of the Gothic style of architecture is the ___________________

Accommodate Pilgrimage

The original Gothic style was actually developed to ________________________.

Royal architectural patronage

The Rayonnant or Court Style is associated with ___________________.