ph w4 ch 12

if we are struggling with a patient and don’t know if they understand something use…

teach back method

a higher education =

better health outcomes

mechanisms of learning theories- cognitive + e.g.

focuses on how a persons thinking and mental processes influences learning

e.g. u engage in a weight loss journey it was difficult at first but then u started feeling good when u self reflected

what does the cognitive theory encourage?

self reflection

mechanisms of learning theories- behavioral + e.g.

learning is mainly shaped by external forces like rewards and consequences

e.g. people like praise, compliments etc. so they’ll be encouraged to continue

mechanisms of learning theories- social + e.g.

learning occurs by observing others and modeling their behaviors

e.g. instagram u see someone who looks good and u want to look good like that

mechanisms of learning theories- experimental + e.g.

people that learn by doing

e.g. teach back

mechanisms of learning theories- transformative

new information can lead people to reflect on past experiences

can be (+) or (-)

mechanisms of learning theories- humanistic

focuses on learner as whole person, emphasizes emotions and relationships

what are the four learning categories?

1. visual (need to see to learn)

2. auditory (need to hear to learn)

3. read/write (learn through text)

4. kinesthetic (learn by doing)

as nurses we are responsible for assessing what regarding learning categories?

assessing what type of learner your patient is in order to modify teaching

what are the 3 dimensions of clinical competence?

cognitive, affective, psychomotor

3 dimensions of clinical competence: cognitive

thinking/knowledge

3 dimensions of clinical competence: affective

feelings, values, and attitudes

3 dimensions of clinical competence: psychomotor

physical skills

health belief model

this model can be used to help determine if an individual believes that the changes they make will prevent illness/disease (think germaphobe/hypochondriac)

5yr old version: People are more likely to do healthy behaviors if they believe they are at risk for a serious disease AND believe the behavior will help prevent it.

e.g. if ur from a family prone to dm2 ur gonna be more scared and perceptive towards getting it

versus if u have no family hx of dm2 ur not really gonna perceive it with much fear

health belief model: what is the focus, what question does it ask, and what is it best for?

focuses on risk/threat reduction

asks “will this help prevent harm”

best for disease prevention and screening compliance

under the health belief model people avoid _____

illness like the plague

pender’s health promotion model

this model helps explain what motivates people to adopt healthy behaviors

promotion = wellness (pursue wellness)

pender’s health promotion model: what is the focus, what question does it ask, and what is it best for?

focuses on positive promotion

asks “how does this improve my life”

best for wellness programs and lifestyle optimization

under the health promotion model people ______

want to try things to improve their health

transtheoretical model

model is used when there is addiction (drugs, alcohol, obesity) and someone is ready to change

transtheoretical model: what is the focus, what question does it ask, and what is it best for?

focuses on readiness and time

asks “am i ready to change”

best for smoking cessation and addiction recovery

what are the 5 steps of the transtheoretical model?

1. precontemplation

2. contemplation (pros/cons)

3. preparation (prelims)

4. action (make change)

5. maintenance (sustain change)

what is normal within the transtheoretical model?

relapse is normal

encourage relapse is normal help them get back on

leininger’s cultural care theory

this theory helps RNs provide care that respects and integrates patient cultural values, beliefs, and practices

incorporate patient culture

leininger’s cultural care theory: what is the focus, what question does it ask, and what is it best for?

focuses on cultural congruence

asks “dose this respect my values”

best for diverse population and overcoming systemic dstrust

leininger’s cultural care theory helps us see ___

better health outcomes

if a person has low health literacy they will have difficulty in what 5 things?

1. filling out health forms

2. issues with seeking preventative care

3. issues with managing chronic conditions

4. sharing an accurate medical history

5. don’t understand unhealthy behaviors

who is at greatest risk for low health literacy?

• older adults

• patients of low socioeconomic status

• patients with limited english proficiency

• patients medically underserved

what do we need to do to prevent challenges with health literacy as nurses?

• use plain language- no medical jargon 5th grade language

• limit key points

• multimodel materials- nurse finds out pt learning style

• teach back method

• interpreter services

• active listening

must collaborate with trusted leaders to implement change incorporate 4 questions?

1. what community needs?

2. what is norm for the community?

3. whose trusted in the community (whose the gatekeeper)?

4. what data indicates

what are four additional strategies for change?

1. in person workshops

2. interactive/peer groups

3. printed materials

4. online modules

after the nurse provides education she needs to do what?

self reflection asking did my education work? did i teach well?

stop throughout teaching and ask if patient understands or has questions