Medieval and Early Modern World History: Trade, Islam, Mongols, China, and Europe Cartes | Quizlet

Devshirme

Ottoman system of recruiting Christian boys for military and government service.

Suleimaniye Mosque

A grand mosque in Istanbul symbolizing Ottoman power and architecture.

Topkapi Palace

The main palace of the Ottoman sultans, showing imperial authority.

Chinggis Khan

Founder of the Mongol Empire who united the steppe tribes.

Khanates

Regional Mongol kingdoms ruled by descendants of Chinggis Khan.

Tax-farming

Outsourcing tax collection to private collectors who kept extra profits.

Entrepôt

A major trading hub where goods are imported, stored, and re-exported.

Dhimmi

Non-Muslims living under Islamic rule with protected status.

Jizya

A tax that dhimmi paid in exchange for protection and freedom to practice their religion.

Sufism

A mystical branch of Islam seeking personal closeness to God.

Scholar-official

Educated bureaucrats who ran China's government.

Examination system

Civil service tests based on Confucian texts for selecting officials.

Neo-Confucianism

A revival of Confucianism blended with Buddhist and Daoist ideas.

Flying cash

Early Chinese paper credit certificates used instead of coins.

Ming dynasty

Chinese dynasty (1368-1644) that restored native rule after the Mongols.

Red Turbans

Rebel group that helped overthrow the Yuan dynasty.

Zheng He

Ming admiral who led major naval expeditions across Asia and Africa.

Vassal

A noble who pledged loyalty and service to a lord for land.

Fief

A piece of land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty.

Feudalism

Political system where power was based on land-for-service relationships.

Manorialism

Economic system where peasants worked a lord's land for protection.

Serf

A peasant tied to the land who owed labor to the lord.

Heresy

Religious belief or teaching that goes against Church doctrine.

Reconquista

Christian campaigns to drive Muslims from Spain.

Crusades

Religious wars launched by Christians to reclaim the Holy Land.

Chivalry

Medieval knightly code of honor, loyalty, and service.

Humanism

Renaissance movement focusing on human potential and classical learning.

Inquisition

Church court that investigated and punished heresy.

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