anatomy pig disection test function/description

Larynx

Located at the anterior end of the trachea; also called the 'voice box'; functions in producing sound.

Trachea

Tube with cartilage rings that prevent collapse; carries air from larynx to lungs.

Lungs

Lobed spongy structures for gas exchange; right lung has 4 lobes, left lung has 3 lobes.

Diaphragm

Thin muscular sheet separating thoracic and abdominal cavities; aids in breathing.

Heart

Pumps blood through the aorta to the body and to the lungs via pulmonary arteries; covered by pericardium.

Tongue

Muscular organ in the mouth that manipulates food during chewing and swallowing.

Esophagus

Muscular tube located behind the trachea; transports food from mouth to stomach.

Stomach

Pouch-shaped organ under liver; secretes acid and enzymes to digest food.

Spleen

Thin, flat organ along stomach; recycles red blood cells and plays a role in immunity.

Liver

Large brown organ at anterior abdomen; produces bile, detoxifies blood, and stores glycogen.

Gall Bladder

Small sac under the liver that stores and releases bile into the duodenum.

Pancreas

Bumpy yellowish gland near stomach and duodenum; secretes digestive enzymes and insulin.

Cecum

Blind pouch where small and large intestines meet; helps digest plant material with bacteria.

Mesentery

Thin tissue that anchors intestines and supplies them with blood vessels and nerves.

Small Intestine

Long coiled tube where most nutrient absorption occurs.

Large Intestine

Compact coiled tube that reabsorbs water and forms feces.

Rectum

Straight portion of the large intestine; stores feces before elimination.

Anus

External opening where feces exit the body.

Kidney

Bean-shaped organs that filter blood, remove waste, and produce urine.

Ureter

Thin tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder.

Urinary Bladder

Large sac between umbilical arteries; stores urine before release.

Pinna

External ear flap; funnels sound into ear canal.

Nares

External nostril openings; allow air entry to nasal cavity.

Mammary Papilla

Small projections (nipples); in females used for nursing offspring.

Urogenital Opening

Opening for both reproductive and urinary tracts; location differs in males and females.

Genital Papilla

Small fleshy projection near anus; external marker of female pig.

Umbilical Cord

Cord that connects fetus to placenta; carries nutrients, gases, and wastes via blood vessels.