Biology 28 & 29

What is asymmetry in animals?

No particular pattern to body shape.

What type of symmetry is characterized by body organized circularly?

Radial symmetry.

What type of symmetry do humans exhibit?

Bilateral symmetry.

What does the blastopore become in protostomes?

The mouth.

What are two key characteristics of deuterostomes?

Blastopore becomes anus; dorsal nerve cord.

What animals belong to the phylum Porifera?

Sponges.

What are the unique characteristics of cnidarians?

Radial symmetry, tissues, stinging tentacles.

What are the three main parts of mollusca?

Mantle, visceral mass, and foot.

What type of animals are found in the phylum Annelida?

Segmented worms, such as earthworms and leeches.

What is a unique characteristic of platyhelminthes?

Flat body and no body cavity.

What is a characteristic feature of nematodes?

Non-segmented body and some are parasites.

What defines the phylum Arthropoda?

Exoskeleton, jointed appendages, segmented body.

What symmetry do adult echinoderms exhibit?

Radial symmetry.

Which vertebrates are considered ectothermic?

Amphibians, reptiles, and fish.

What is the definition of endothermic?

An internal way to control body temperature.

Which vertebrates are endothermic?

Birds and mammals.

What is a monotreme?

A mammal that lays eggs, such as the duck-billed platypus.

What is a unique feature of marsupials?

They have pouches for immature young.

What are the main characteristics of all chordates?

Deuterostomes, postnatal tail, notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches.

Radial Symmetry

Body organized circularly; similar to a wheel

Bilateral Symmetry

Definite Right and left halves

What are the differences between protstomes and deuterostomes

Protostomes: Blastopore becomes mouth; ventral nerve cord; spinal cleavage.

Deuterostomes: Blastopore becomes anus; dorsal nerve cord; radial cleavage

Porifera Phyllum

No symmetry, no tissue, filter food particles through water

What animals are in the Cnidaria phylum

Jellyfish, corals, sea anemones

Cnidaria phylum

Tissue, stinging tentacles, polyp has mouth pointed upward, Medusa has mouth pointed downward

What animals are in the mollusca phylum

Snails, clams, oysters, squid, octopus

What animals are in the annelida phylum

Segmented worms; earthworms, leeches

Annelida Phylum

Body segments repeated along length of body

What animals are in the platyhelminthes phylum

flatworms; planaria, tapeworms

Platyhelminthes Phylum

Flat body; no body cavity

What animals are in the nematoda phylum

Roundworms

Nematoda Phylum

Non-segmented body; some are parasites

What animals are in the Arthropoda phylum

Crustaceans; crabs, shrimp, lobster, crayfish

Arthropoda Phylum

Exoskeleton; jointed appendages, segmented body

What animals are in the echinodermata phylum

Starfish

Echinodermata Phylum

Deuterostomes, water vascular system, radial symmetry in adult, bilateral symmetry in larva