The Recognition of Sakuntala // Indian Art

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23 Terms

1

Major Themes

  • Love

  • Duty

  • Loss and Recovery

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2

Title

The Recognition of Śakuntalā

by Kālidāsa

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3

King Dusyanta

The King; Noble

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4

Sakuntala

The Heroine; Innocent

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5

Kanva

The Father; Spiritual

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6

Durvasas

The Spiteful; Unwavering

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7

Vidusaka

The Aide; Comedy relief

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8

Anasuya; Priyamvada

The Friends

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9

Marica

The Divine Sage

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10
<p>Vishnu Asleep On the Serpent</p>

Vishnu Asleep On the Serpent

The use of multiple arms distinguished the divine from the human, and illustrated the far-reaching power of Vishnu

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11
<p>Seated Buddha</p>

Seated Buddha

  • Representative of meditation, self-reflection, and inner peace

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12
<p>The Pillar of Ashoka</p>

The Pillar of Ashoka

  • Represents lions facing the four cardinal directions

  • Placed at locations relevant to Buddha’s life

  • Joins the Earth to the Heavens

  • Created by Ahsoka, a tyrannical king who converted to non-violence and buddhism

  • Inscribed with Buddhist teachings

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13

Indus Civilization

The first Indian Civilization
Along the Ganjees river

  • Well-planned cities

  • Extensive trade with Mesopotamia

  • Metalworking

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14

Indoeuropean Period

The second Indian civilization

Agrarian; shephers

Grain-growing

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15

The Vedic Period

Began when the Vedas became the holy texts of India

Brought about the caste system

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16

Four Castes

  • Brahmins (Priests; holy people)

  • Warriors (Military; political officials)

  • Farmers (Everyday people)

  • Untouchables (Originally the slave population)

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17

Hinduism

  • Religion believes in the transmigration of souls (reincarnation)

    • All life is sacred

    • The human soul works up the scale of being

  • Hinduism lacks a founder or spokesperson

  • Dharma: Duty to your station in life

  • Kama: Desire

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18

Kalidasa

  • Kalidasa

    • Likely worked with the court

    • Unknown whether he was highborn or not

    • One of India’s greatest playwrights

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19

Language

  • Language

    • Sanskrit (High-born; noblemen)

    • Prakrit (Women; slaves; lowborn women)

    • Gesture

  • The use of language variety in the Recognition of Sakuntala allows the reader to discern the class of the speaker

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20

Nataka

Heroic Romance

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21

Rasa

Tone and feeling

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22

Mauryan Dynasty

  • The third king: Emperor Ashoka

    • The first ruler about whom we have solid historical information

    • A powerhouse of the silkroad

  • Left no great languages; only art

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23

The Gupta Dynasty (330 CE)

  • The role of religion expanded

  • HINDU

  • The Dynasty from which Kalidasa wrote

    • Likely for their court

    • Adapted the Mahabharata

  • Spawned two main languages:

    • Sanskrit: Formal language

    • Prakrit: Every-day language

      • The use of language variety in the Recognition of Sakuntala allows the reader to discern the class of the speaker

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