Realism Test AP Lang

depressed emo steminists basically

Ambrose Bierce

known as Bitter Bierce, fought in Civil War, impressionist, satire, supernatural horror, stream of consciousness

Stream of consciousness

writing the way someone thinks, coined by William Faulkner

Ambrose Bierce works

An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge, The Devil’s Dictionary

Kate Chopin

feminist, realist, regionalist, wrote to support her family after widowing, was canceled after writing awakening

Kate Chopin works

The Awakening, Story of an Hour

Stephen Crane

impressionist, naturalist, determinist, born after the Civil War but becomes a national expert on war with Matthew Brady’s photojournalism, becomes prototype of the adventurous correspondent

Matthew Brady

Civil War photojournalist

Stephen Crane works

Maggie: A girl of the Streets, The Red Badge of Courage, The Mystery of Heroism

impressionist

when the author writes the story from the character’s impression of what is going on, not what is actually happening, similar to 1st person unreliable

Walt Whitman

known as the “voice of democracy”, cadence and free verse poetry, published Leaves of Grass over 36 years

cadence

sweep of sound

Walt Whitman works

Leaves of Grass, Song of Myself (epic poem)

epic poem

a long ass poem

Paul Laurence Dunbar

America’s first great black poet, first black man to study his race objectively, editor of Dayton Tattler, used double voice and verse juxtaposition

double voice

using two different voices in writing white dialect in some, black dialect in others, a shift in dialect

Paul Laurence Dunbar works

Majors and Minors, Sympathy, We Wear the Mask

American Realism

a reaction to Romanticism brought on by the Civil War, an attempt to represent environment and mannerisms of everyday life, represent the reality of life

American Realism style

represented middle to lower class life, concentrated on everyday vernacular, strong taste for democracy, faithful representation of reality

Regionalism

attempt to emphasize specific geographic regions by reproducing speech, behavior, and lifestyle of region

Regionalism authors

Mark Twain, Kate Chopin

Naturalism

social conditions, heredity, and environment have an inescapable force in shaping human nature, Nature vs Nurture

Naturalism authors

Ambrose Bierce, Jack London

Determinism

in Naturalism, idea that one cannot escape physical and social limitations, complete opposite of free will with objectivity

Determinism authors

Stephen Crane

Psychological Novel

story that focus on very fine distinctions of character motivation, how characters react in extreme stress

Psychological Novel authors

Stephen Crane

The Ironists

in Psychological Novel, where human pretensions is juxtaposed with the indifference of the universe (we don’t matter and the universe gives zero shits)

Views of God

doesn’t square with science/is he out to get us?/WE DON’T KNOW

Views of Universe

a limitless expanse

Views of Mind

focuses on scientific method, Nature vs Nurture

Views of Society

somewhat united by science

Views of Death

we’re all just shit and fertilizer

Views of Truth

revealed by scientific research