Unit 7. Demands and Obligations, Permission and Prohibition

V-(으)세요

Please (do) (requesting, giving directions or orders)

여기 앉으세요.

Please sit here.

Imperative Sentence

V-지 마세요

Please don't (do) (requesting or ordering not to do something)

술을 마시지 마세요.

Please don't drink alcohol.

A/V-아/어야 되다/하다

Must / have (to) (expresses obligation or necessity)

내일 시험이 있어서 공부해야 해요.

I have an exam tomorrow, so I must study.

A/V-아/어도 되다

May / be allowed to (expresses permission or approval)

사진을 찍어도 돼요? May I take a picture?

네, 찍어도 돼요. → Yes, you can.

아니요, 찍으면 안 돼요. → No, you can't.

물론이에요. 사진을 찍으세요. → Of course. Please take a picture.

A/V-(으)면 안 되다

May not / not allowed to (expresses prohibition)

실내에서 담배를 피우면 안 돼요.

Smoking indoors is not allowed.

A/V-지 않아도 되다 (안 A/V-아/어도 되다)

Does not have to / don't need to (behavior is not necessary/compulsory)

유치원생은 버스 요금을 내지 않아도 돼요.

Preschool students don't have to pay the bus fare.