ap euro unit 1 mu 1 nb 4 scientific revolution

One of the ideas reborn in European society during the Renaissance was a concept known as

Greco-Roman Logic

skepticism

to doubt and question things previously accepted as true

what was one way the concept of skepticism was applied

knowledge established by the ancient Greeks and Romans themselves

One of the reasons for this development (skepticism) was because by the ___century,

16th century, new inventions, technologies, and math provided a way to effectively test these ideas ex.Telescopes, microscopes, vacuum pump, and thermometers

three primary thinkers who were brought into question were: 

Ptolemy’s idea of the universe, Galen’s work on human anatomy, Aristotle’s idea gravity (and pretty much everything else)

One of the first and most significant questioning of the Classics came from

Copernicus in 15th century

using ___ to prove his model, Copernicus asserted that

math, Earth was not the center of the universe and that we, in fact, orbited the Sun

This new model challenged ______, replacing it with a new, ______

Ptolemy’s geocentric model, heliocentric model of the solar system

Unfortunately for Copernicus, his heliocentric model was

dismissed by the Church as heretical and went unknown by most people

by the late __ century, a man named __ had invented the __ , and after months of observation, he was able to _

16th, Galileo, telescope, confirm Copernicus’ theory

Aristotle’s theory on gravity

heavier objects fell faster

who disproved aristotles theory, and what did he find?

galileo found that minus resistance, all objects fell at the same speed

who disproved galen’s theory of anatomy, and how?

vesalius by dissecting cadavers

William Harvey discovered that the

body functioned universally in humans as an integrated system

new ideas caused an uproar in _ and the _:

science and the church

many people wondered

if these Classic authors and the Church were wrong for so many years, how do we know what’s right?

the new focus for obtaining knowledge was known as

the scientific method

scientific method:

extracting physical truths through testing, observation, and repeatability

scientific method was a combo of what

skepticism and proof

scientific method was that you should

doubt anything that couldnt be proven by mathematics, repeatable experimentation, or observation

scientific revolution

a new process of proving what is true, and using new inventions to help accomplish that

thinkers like ___ took the idea of scientific revolution even further.

isaac newton

isaac newton established

set of laws for universe based on testing/mathematics known as newtonian physics

newton defined

universal laws

newton designed and developed

caclulus, which has allowed mathematicians to solve far more complex problems

newtons 1st law

object at rest stays at rest, and objects in motion remain in motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

newtons 2nd law

f=ma

newtons 3rd law

for every action there is an = and opposite reaction

new methods for recognizing testable patterns included

inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning

inductive reasoning was made by and consisted of

francis bacon, using evidence, patterns, and observations to supply strong evidence for truth

deductive reasoning was refined by who and consisted of

rene descartes, using logical deduction to make a certain, logical conclusion

in additions to the ideas of these 3 people, monarchs and __ began to publicly fund scientists to do what

in additions to the ideas of these bacon, newton, and descartes, monarchs and government began to publicly fund scientists to do figure out the universe

monarchs and governments began forming

royal societies of scientists whose jobs and lives were dedicated to questioning, developing, and testing new ideas. ex. royal society of london