Lutheran Confessional Writings Terms & Definitions Study Set

Smalcaldic War

Broke out in Germany, emperor and pope vs Lutherans

Smalcaldic League

Luther's followers during the Smalcaldic war

Pope Paul III

Pope during writing of smalcald articles

Council of Trent

Pope called the Council of Trent which began in 1545

Private agenda: only Catholic bishops would be allowed to vote, Protestants must subscribe beforehand to the council's decisions

Philip of Hesse

Moving spirit of Smalcaldic League

Prisoner after Smalcaldic War

Political unity > doctrinal unity

Duke (Elector) Maurice of Saxony

Betrayed the Lutherans during the war, joined the emperor

Later, ended up betraying the emperor to side with the Lutherans

Did whatever seemed to be more politically beneficial for himself

Charlves V

Holy Roman Emperor

Wanted to crush the reformation

Elector John Fredrick

Refused to compromise his faith

Luther's prince

John the Steadfast

Battle of Muehlberg 1547

Final battle of Smalcaldic War

Armies of Smalcaldic League crushed

John Frederick and Phillip of Hesse captured and imprisoned

Augsburg Interim

Commissioned by Charles V, last attempt to preserve a united church

Ordered Lutherans to obey Catholic doctrine and do nothing to oppose the Holy Roman Emperor

Went against Lutheran doctrine

Passisve Resistance

Lutheran pastors did not stop preaching and teaching the truth

Widespread

Leipzig Interim

Melanchthon's compromise doctrine, purposefully ambiguous

Result: theological disunity

Peace of Augsburg 1555

Signed as a result of Maurice's victory over Charles

Guaranteed religious liberty to Lutherans

Removes political factor

Introduces crypto-Calvinism

Cuius regio, eius religio

Whose realm, his religion

Whoever is the ruler of a region determines the religion of that region (applied only to Luthetans and Catholics)

Phillipists

Philip Melanchthon, George Major, Valentin Strigel (strongholds in Wittenberg and Leipzig_

Looked for ways to compromise with Rome

Gnesio- Lutherans

Nicholas Amsdorf, Matthias Flacius (strongholds in Magdeburg and Jena

Those who opposed the Leipzig Interim and Melanchthon

"Peace Party"

Martin Chemnitz, Jacob Andreae, and others

Worked to resolve controversies

Soild Declaration

Responses to doctrinal controversies

Epitome

Summary of the Torgau Book written by Andreae

Book of Concord

June 25, 1580 (50th anniversary of Augsburg Confession)

Flacian Controversy (Who/What)

Who: Matthias Flacius (original sin was not an accident but the nature of fallen man) vs Valentin Strigel (overemphasized total corruption)

Manichaeism (dualism- two eternal forces, one good one evil, makes it so God created evil)

Substance vs Accident (Substance: exists by and of itself / Accident: not exist by itself, added to a substance)

Synergistic (Free will) Controversy (Who/What)

Who: Philip Melanchthon and the Philippists

Synergism: Idea that man is able to cooperate with God in conversion/salvation

Osiandrian Controversy (Who/What)

Who: Jacob Osiander (Righteousness that saves people is based on Christ's divine nature residing in them)

"Christ in us" vs "Christ for us" (Justification is based on the merits of Christ accomplished outside (it's a done deal)/ Sanctification: the Triume God does indwell in us to make us holy as a result of justification (a work in progress)

Extra nos

Majoristic Controversy (Who/What)

Who: George Major( Without good works nobody can be saved) vs Nicholas Amsdorf (Good works are detrimental and harmful to salvation)

Inner Compulsion

Antinomian Controversy (Who/What)

Who: John Agricola (Argued that repentance is not worked in us by the law but by the gospel )

Antinomianism: Rejected any Ave for God's law in the life of the Christian

Law (strict):

Law (broad):

Gospel (strict):

Gospel (broad):

Repentance (strict):Contrition only - worked by the law only

Repentance (broad):A person's entire conversion: both contrition and faith - worked by law and gospel

Third use of Law: The law as a guide for sanctified living

Fuel (engine) vs Roadmap:

Crypto-Calvinistic Controversy (Who/What)

Who: John Calvin and Ulrich Zwingli, Elector August, Gnesio-Lutherans

Sacramentarians:

Alleoesis:

Nestorianism:

Finitum non est capax infiniti: The finite is not capable of the infinate

Communication of attributes:

Idomatic Genus: Who he is

Majestic Genus: What he gives

Apotolesmatic Genus: What he does

Humiliation vs Exaltation (main differences): Humiliation - Jesus chooseing not to make full use of his divine power

Exhaltation - Jesus claiming full use of his diving power (while in human form?)

Controversy over Descent into Hell (Who)

John Aepinus (Taught that the descent into hell was part of Jesus' humiliation and suffering, part of Jesus' payment for our sins - FALSE DOCTRINE)

Adiaphoristic Controversy (Who/What)

Who: Philippists

Corpus Christi

Leipzig Interim

God's Eternal Foreknowledge vs. Election (Who/What)

Who: John Calvin (Denied universal grace

Taught double predestination and limited atonement

God's sovereignty = central to Calvin's theology

TULIP: t = total depravity, u = unconditional election (double predestination), l = limited atonement, i = irresistible grace, p = perseverance of saints)

Synergists (Denied grace alone

Why some and not others? There must be something different in man (mans non-resisting will))

Foreknowledge (God's omniscience) (God knows all things ahead of time

Extends over believers and wicked

Not the CAUSE of the ungodly being damned

Its THEIR fault - damnation)

Election (God's Will) (From eternity God chose those who are his people

Only believers

The CAUSE of the elect being saved

Its to GOD'S credit)

Distinction between Hidden God (Unable to know God this way

God does not want us to look into this

God "naked")

vs Revealed God (Only way to know God / how he feels about us

Means of Grace alone

God "clothed")