ib psych unit 2

Steps of an SAQ

1. Restate question

2. State the study

3. Define key terms

4. Explain topic

5. Describe study

6. Link study to topic

7. Conclusion(optional)

Flashbulb memory

Highly detailed vivid snapshot of a surprising or emotional event. Most common model is importance-driven model where personal consequences determine intensity of emotional reactions.

Multi store memory model

Model with 3 stores: sensory, STM, and LTM

Sensory to STM through attention. repeat info in STM is rehearsal. STM to LTM is transfer. LTM to STM is retrieval.

Working memory

Small amount of info that can be held in an especially accessible state and used in cognitive tasks.

Central executive connects to phonological loop, episodic buffer, and visual-spatial sketchpad.

Episodic buffer is temporary slave system that unifies info into an episode.

Study supporting emotion and memory

Buchanan and lovallo (2001)

Kulkosky et al (2011)

Study supporting MSM

Peterson and Peterson (1959)

Study supporting WM

Robbins et al (1996)

Robbins et al (1996)

A. To investigate the nature of WM stores and his they are used in completing tasks.

P. 20 male chess players memorize and recreate arrangement of chess pieces. verbal and visuospatial interference.

R. Verbal 65% visuospatial 15% different slave systems work with different types of info.

Peterson and Peterson (1959)

A. To determine the duration of STM

P. Trigrams to memorize, timed count back from random number, then recall. (Timer: 6,18,20,30)

R. 6 secs 50%, 0 at 18 secs. STM has a duration of about 20 seconds.

Kulkosky et al (2011)

A. To see if tgere was any difference in rate of FBM in collectivistic and individualistic cultures.

P. 274 middle class from 5 countries (China, Germany, Turkey, UK, USA). 5 min to recall public events. Used brown and kulik (1975) for survey in native language to cue memory

R. Collectivistic cultures (like china) personal importance and intensity of emotion played less of role in FBM. Individualistic cultures played more of a role in FBM because emphasized individual’s personal involvement and emotional experiences.