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Common law
Law which is developed from the courts
decisions (case law)
Statute law
Law which is passed by the Legislature
(Parliament)
Criminal law
Law related to the punishment for breaches of laws agreed to by society.
Civil law
Law as between individuals, sometimes referred to as tort law.
High Court
The final judicial body for appealing decisions of all other courts.
Doctrine of precedent
The rule that decisions handed down by higher courts are binding on those inferior within the same court system.
Rights
A rule entitling one to expect or demand other people act or desist from acting in certain ways.
Duties
Obligations an individual owes others or responsibilities pursuant to a rule.
Human rights
The basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled.
Balance of probabilities
Level of proof required in a civil case