Transport

Simple Diffusion

Movement of substances from high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached, suitable for lipid-soluble substances like fatty acids, O2, CO2, and alcohols.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water only, where water moves from an area of low osmotic pressure to an area of high osmotic pressure.

Facilitated Transport

Process requiring proteins for substances to move from high concentration to low concentration with the concentration gradient.

Active Transport

Movement of substances against the concentration gradient from low to high concentration, requiring energy, often for large water-soluble substances like glucose.

Vesicular Transport

Utilization of vesicles (from Golgi or membrane) for active transport of bulk substances in and out of the cell.

Endocytosis

Process where the cell membrane engulfs substances to form a vesicle enclosing them in the cytoplasm, including pinocytosis (liquid) and phagocytosis (solid).

Exocytosis

Mechanism where substances packaged into a vesicle by the Golgi body are released outside the cell.