Art flashcards for AcDec

formal and contextual analysis

The two modes used to analyze a work of art.

archival sources

Examples include letters, documents, and art criticisms.

Pliny the Elder

Who analyzed historical and contemporary art.

Natural History

The name of the text written by Pliny the Elder.

Giorgio Vasari

Who gathered biographies of Italian artists.

The Lives of the Artists

The book that Giorgio Vasari penned.

Johann Joachim

The German scholar who shifted to the study of stylish development from Vasari's emphasis.

cave paintings in the Chauvet cave

The oldest work of art.

Venus (or Woman) of Willendorf

The best-known small stone female figure from the old stone age.

Lascaux

The only cave painting located that depicts a human figure.

Stonehenge on Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire, England

The most well-known megalithic rock arrangement is found in ______.

Sarsen (sandstone) and bluestone

What Stonehenge consists of.

heel-stone

Marks the point at which the sun rises on the midsummer solstice.

Ziggurats

Platform structures that evolved into stepped pyramids.

Hammurabi, the king of Babylon in 1792 bce

Who was able to centralize the whole of Mesopotamia and when.

The Code of Hammurabi

The oldest known legal code.

stone-stele

The best-known artwork from Hammurabi period.

Shamash

The Sun god from whom Hammurabi is believed to have got inspiration for his code of law.

Assyrians

Who dominated the northern part of Mesopotamia.

during neo-Babylonian period between 612-538 bce

When the hanging garden of Babylon was constructed.

Ishtar Gate

The name of the gateway to the great ziggurat of the temple of Bel.

The Palace at Persepolis

The most important architectural achievement of Persians.

hierarchical scale

The style that is followed by most of the Egyptian art.

Palette of King Narmer

An example of hierarchical scale.

Tomb of a boy king, Tutankhamun

The most famous of the Egyptian tombs.

Tutankhamun's burial mask

The most famous of all the objects that are found in Tutankhamun's tomb.

Cycladic culture

The earliest of the three cultures that flourished in the Aegean island.

Island of Crete

Where the Minoan culture developed.

Frescoes painted on palace walls and pottery designs

The two major forms of Minoan paintings.

Doric and Ionic

The styles used in building temples during the Archaic period.

Corinthian style

The style used in making floral ornament background in vase paintings.

Athenian-style

Black figures with more linear and larger in scale used.

A pose that was invented to show the body to its best advantage

contrapposto

When was the parthenon temple restored after being destroyed by Persians in 480 BCE?

447 bce

notable works of the Late Classical Period

Venus de Milo and Laocoöon Group

Etruscan civilization artwork

Tomb decoration

Roman engineering monuments

Colosseum and Pantheon

What is the best-known art from Byzantium

Mosaic work

greatest architectural achievement in Byzantine architecture

Hagia Sophia built in Constantinople

Name two examples of illuminated manuscripts examples

Book of Kells and Coronation Gospels

When the vikings culture merged with the Anglosaxon found in England and Celtic Ireland, it resulted in a new artistic style called _____.

Hiberno-Saxon

example of Romanesque architecture

Saint-Sernin in Toulouse, France

What is the difference between Romanesque churches and churches built earlier?

stone-vaulted buildings

What is the name of the vault formed with a tunnel of arches in Romanesque Churches

Barrel Vault

unique feature of Gothic style architecture

pointed arches

thin stones or ribs under vaulted sections of the ceiling are called _____>

ribbed vaults

what is the name or the additional bracing material on the exterior of buildings

flying buttresses

example of Gothic style architecture

Chartres Cathedral in France

What Florentine is most associated with the transitional period from late medieval period to renaissance?

Giotto di Bondone

major development during the Renaissance period

development of paper money

what was the competition held in Florence in 1401?

design of the doors for the city's new baptistery

winner of the baptistery doors competition

Lorenzo Ghiberti

What does Ghiberti's panel design depict?

the sacrifice of Isaac

Michelangelo's name for Ghiberti's second door

"Gates of Paradise"

who introduced the concept of double-shelled dome design?

Filippo Brunelleschi

Who used both linear and aerial perspectives in frescoes

Masaccio

founder of modern sculpture

Donatello

best-known painting of Botticelli

The Birth of Venus

models for the term 'Renaissance Man'

Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo

special technique used in the Mona Lisa painting

Sfumato (smoke with mellowed colors and blurred outline)

famous statues sculpted by Michelangelo

Moses, The Dying Slave and The Bound Slave

time taken by Michelangelo to decorate the Sistine Chapel ceiling

four years

most influential painter of the high Renaissance period

Raphael Sanzio

masterwork of Raphael Sanzio

Sistine Madonna

Giorgione

Who did the painting The Tempest?

landscape

What is the subject of the painting in The Tempest?

dramatic angles

What is the most common technique used by Tintoretto?

chiaroscuro

What does Tintoretto use to heighten the emotional impact of his subjects?

Dominikos Theotokopoulos - also known as El Greco

Who is mostly associated with the Counter-Reformation?

Matthias Grünewald and Albrecht Dürer

Who are considered the greatest artists of the Renaissance in northern Europe?

Isenheim Altarpiece

A great masterpiece of Grünewald is _.

Baroque art

Which style of art has the greater sense of movement and energy?

Caravaggesque

Caravaggio used extremes of dark and light in his works, which is often termed as .

Artemisia Gentileschi

Who is the important woman amongst the Baroque artists?

The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa

What is the most important masterpiece of Gianlorenzo Bernini?

The Night Watch

The best-known work of Dutch artist, Rembrandt van Rijn is _.

Fête galante

What is the name of the new genre of painting innovated by Jean-Antonie Watteau?

Neoclassicism

A style of art that instilled the revival of interest in the arts of Greece and Rome is called .

Oath of the Horatti

Which painting of Jacques Louis David illustrated republican virtues?

The Stonebreakers

Which work of Gustave Courbet had political implication in the context of a wave of revolutions from 1848?

Édouard Manet

Who is referred to as the first Impressionist?

Luncheon on the Grass

Which is the well-known painting of Manet?

Georges Seurat

Which artist emphasized the scientific rules of color?

optical mixing

What is the technique used by Georges Seurat?

Night Café

What is considered a place of vice according to Van Gogh?

Pre-Raphaelites

A group of artists who felt dissatisfied with the industrial revolution banded together and they were known as _.

Art Nouveau

Pre-Raphaelites' emphasis on nature and sweeping curves gave way for __.

Cubism

Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque developed a new style of art called .

Die Brücke

A group of artists who combined the arbitrary colors of fauvists and the intense feeling in the works of Edvard Munch are called_.

Vasily Kandinsky

Who led the Expressionist group, Der Blaue Reiter, in Germany?

The Armory Show

What was the first major showing of modern art in the U.S.?

1920s

When did the Harlem Renaissance start?

ready-mades

What category of art did Duchamp invent?

Surrealists

Which group of artists was influenced by the theory of Sigmund Freud?

Bauhaus

What is the name of the German school that was established for architecture and design between the first and second world wars?

Kandinsky

action painting

A type of artwork used by Abstract Expressionists.

color field painting

A type of artwork used by Abstract Expressionists.