Gateway C1_Unit 7_What Defines You?

social trait

confidence when meeting new people

a social charateristic

genetic inheritance

passing of traits from parents to offspring

social environment

the entire human environment, including interaction with others

a development milestone

approximate ages at which children reach specific normative events

sibling rivalry

competition between siblings, often for parental attention

parental responsibility

the duty of a parent to provide for the physical, financial, mental, and emotional needs of a child

competitive streak

having a strong desire to be more successful than others

uncanny

strange, mysterious, weird, beyond explanation

uncanny resemblance

improbably looking exactly like someone

idiosyncratic (adj)

idiosyncrasy (n)

peculiar to one person; highly individualized

idiosyncratic mannerism

a characteristic, habit, mannerism, or the like, that is peculiar to an individual

strict upbringing

being raised very strictly

nature VS nurture

the traits we were given by Nature VS by our Upbringing

household

people who occupy the same housing unit

household name

a person or brand/ product that is well known by the public

look up to someone VS look down on someone

admire and respect VS undermine sb

undermine

demeaning (adj)

degrading

demean (v)

reduce in worth in charter

demeanor (n)

behavior; manner of conducting oneself

to be content with

to be satisfied with

incessant

never stopping, going on all the time

haphazard

random

serendipity

an accidental but fortunate discovery

inevitably

unavoidably

ubiquitous

present or existing everywhere

to coin sth

to invent sth

descent

moving downwards

flaw (n)

flawed (adj)

a slight fault; a defect

parental investment

the time and energy parents expend for their offspring's benefit

conscientious

diligent and careful

to fret

to worry

mediator

one who reconciles opposing groups

hierarchy

a system in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.

manipulative

good at influencing other people do what they want

familial

having to do with the family

the case for sth

arguments, facts and reasons in support of or against something

pioneer (n)

pioneering (adj)

a person who goes/ does sth before others and opens the way for them to follow

transpire

to occur; happen; take place

attributes

characteristics

attribute to

responsible for

The current severe economical situation attributes to inflation.

regardless of

in spite of

diligence (n)

diligent (adj)

conscientiousness; the quality of being committed to a task

conform (v)

conformity/ conformist (n)

comply with rules, standards, or laws

numerous

many

crowdfunding

using social networking to appeal to potential investors

launch

to start

commence

to begin, to start

to determine (v)

determined (adj)

determination (n)

to decide

consensus (to reach a consensus)

general agreement

to dispute (v)

a dispute (n)

a disagreement, argument, or debate

pessimistic VS optimistic

seeing the worst side of things; no hope

observant

paying careful attention to; noticing much

perceptive

having keen understanding; discerning

inedible VS edible

not fit to be eaten

indelible

not able to be erased or removed; memorable

regional

of, relating to, or characteristic of a region.

insightful

discerning; perceptive

displeasure

annoyance; dissatisfaction

satisfactory (adj)

satisfied (adj)

satisfaction (n)

dissatisfied - unsatisfied/ ction (adj)

meeting requirements

requirement (n)

require (v)

unrequired (adj)

something that is necessary

notoriety (n)

notorious (adj)

notoriously (adv)

ill fame; the state of being well-known for a disgraceful reason

ignorance (n)

ignorant (adj)

ignorantly (adv)

lack of knowledge or information

loosen (v)

loose (adj)

loosely (adv)

to make something less tight

specialise (v)

special (adj)

specialised (adj)

specially (adv)

when someone becomes very good at one thing

dominate (v)

dominant (adj)

domination (n)

dominance (n)

dominantly (adv)

to control

prosperity (n)

prosperous (adj)

wealth, success

frequency (n)

frequent (adj)

frequently (adv)

the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time

questionable (adj)

to question (v)

question (n)

questioned (adj)

doubtful, uncertain

leadership (n)

lead (v)

leader (n)

leading (adj)

the use of power and influence to direct the activities of followers toward goal achievement

industrialist (n)

industrial (adj)

industrialism (n)

to industrialize (v)

a person whose wealth comes from the ownership of industrial businesses and who favors government policies that support industry

bystander

one who looks on or observes, a person present but not taking part

expectant (adj)

to expect (v)

expectation (n)

unexpected (adj)

having expectations

applicant (n)

apply (v)

application (n)

a person applying for a job

to reason (v)

un-reasonable (adj)

un-reasonably (adv)

to think logically

resonate with

to be similar to what sb else believes or thinks

assist (v)

assistance (n)

assistant (n)

to help

in-consistent (adj)

in-consistency (n)

in-consistently (adv)

Steady; regular

impression (n)

impressive (adj)

unimpressive (adj)

impress (v)

a feeling or understanding resulting from an experience

immature (adj)

immaturity (n)

maturity (n)

mature (adj)

amateur (inexperienced) (adj)

unexperienced (something which has not been experienced yet. eg: the landing of manking on Mars) (adj)

maturely (adv)

childish

probable (adj)

improbable (adj)

probability (n)

probably (adv)

likely to be true or to happen

considerate (adj)

inconsiderate (adj)

consideration (n)

inconsiderable (adj)

thoughtful

WORKBOOK

negotiate (v)

negotiation (n)

negotiable (adj)

to discuss something in an attempt to reach agreement

tempting

attractive

destined

fated

stardom

fame

distinguish

to tell apart; to cause to stand out

assumption

a belief accepted as true

subliminal

below the level of consciousness

threshold

amount

She has a low threshold of boredom and needs the constant stimulation of physical activity.

dubbed

named or called

nominative determinism

a theory that a person's name predicts their future.

proportion

an equation that states that two ratios are equal

proportionate - disproportionate (adj)

disproportionately (adv)

corresponding in size or amount to something else

implicit

implied though not plainly expressed

egotism

excessive self-importance; conceit

prestigious

inspiring respect and admiration; having high status

cue

signal

inextricable(adj)

inextricably(adv)

impossible to disentangle or separate