6.2.2(Monogenic inheritance)

Describe what is meant an dominant allele

• An allele that always shows an effect in the organism

Describe what is meant by a recessive allele

• An allele that only shows an effect if both alleles of the pair are the same

Define the term genotype

• The genetic information and make of an organism

• Their DNA

Define the term phenotype

• The observable characteristics of an organism

Define the term heterozygous and homozygous

• 2 alleles of a gene that are different

• 2 alleles of a gene are the same

Define the term monogenic inheritance

• The inheritance of a characteristic controlled by a single gene

Describe why monogenic crosses are used

• They are used to show the likelihood of different alleles of a gene being inherited by offspring of particular parent

Describe how to do a test-cross to determine alleles in a species

• Breed the individual with another with 2 recessives. Look at the products formed. If any recessives are formed, then the plant is heterozygous