Integrated Anatomy Test 1

Planes of reference, embryology, and integument

integument functions

protective and regulatory, reduces injury, thermoregulation, excretes salt, water and organic wastes, sensory organ (touch and pressure), engages in vitamin D synthesis

integument includes what parts?

hooves, hair, whiskers, claws, skin, and glands

what layers make up inegument?

epidermis, dermis, and hypoderms

epidermis layer

outermost waterproof provides external protection and has little to no blood vessels

dermis layer

tough layer that contains blood vessels, hair folicles and glands

hypoderms

subq layer, has fat, shock absorber, and allows skin to move freely over muscles and bones

Paw Pads definition

thick layer of fat and connective tissue

carpal pad

digital pads

name this part of the paw pad

metacarpal pad

Conical papillae

spike like bumps on paw pad that contain endocrine sweat glands

Planum Nasale

textured surface of nose

Discoid lupus erythematosus

autoimmune skin disease that causes immune system to attack skin on the nose of a dog

chesnuts

found on the medial portion of each left at the carpus (knee) of the forelimb and tarsus (hock) of the hindlimb.

ergots

found buried in the long caudal hairs of the fetlock

what is hair important for?

temperature regulation

primary hair

guard hairs, straight/ arched, thicker and longer than 2”

secondary hair

wool type, softer/shorter found more commonly in wool species ( ex. sheep)

tactile hair

sensory hairs, ex. whiskers

two main sections of the hair

shaft and root

shaft

visible hair, above the skin

root

hair burried below the hair

cells in the hair are made of

soft keratin with varrying strength

Papilla

Mound of dermal cells that rapidly divide, allowing hair to grow

hair growth cycle

anagen - catagen - telogen

anagen phase