PEH 2nd Prelims

Chapter 4

Noncommunicable diseases

WHO’s Western Pacific Region declares this as the top killers in the Philippines.

Tar

is a harmful byproduct of smoking cigarettes.

Nicotine

is a toxic chemical compound that mostly consists nitrogen, which also makes cigarettes addictive.

Carbon monoxide

is a poisonous chemical from burnt cigarette that makes the heart do more work to supply sufficient oxygen in the body.

Mainstream smoke “first-hand smoke”

is the smoke from lit cigarette that is both inhaled and exhaled.

Second-hand smoke

it is the smoke puffed out by smokers called environmental tobacco or “side stream” smoke.

Third-hand smoke

refers to cigarette offshoots which is attached to the smokers’ hair and clothing as well as various surfaces like walls, floors, furniture, chairs, and toys.

Dietary habits

are the usual choices of food that people make.

Poor dietary habits

occur when the person does not follow the principles of good nutrition—adequacy, balance, and variety.

Adequacy

refers to moderate amounts of nutrients to maintain normal body function.

Balance

refers to correct combination of nutrients.

Variety

refers to consumption of different types of food products.

Sedentary lifestyle

occurs when an individual lacks the recommended level of regular physical activity or if he/she is physically inactive.

Physical inactivity

is the leading risk factor of death worldwide.

Cardiovascular disease

a disease of the heart and blood vessels.

Arteriosclerosis

a condition causing the arteries to harden and thicken.

Atherosclerosis

type of arteriosclerosis where deposited fat hardens and becomes plaque on arterial walls.

Coronary heart disease

coronary arteries area narrowed or blocked.

Heart attack

cardiac muscle failure due to lack of blood flow to the heart.

Angina Pectoris

chest pain from narrowed coronary arteries due to inadequate oxygen for the heart.

Rheumatic Fever

the immune system attacks the heart and can cause fever, weakness, and damage to its valves.

Arrythmia

irregular heart rhythm

Congestive Heart Failure

the heart is not able or below its normal capacity to pump blood, causing liquid to accumulate in the lungs and other areas of the body.

Cancer

a disease where cells divide in an uncontrolled pace.

Malignant

is cancerous. The tumor can spread to invade and destroy nearby tissues and body parts called metastasis.

Benign

is not cancerous. They may increase in size but do not invade other body parts.

Carcinoma

the most common category of cancer; an invasive malignant tumor from epithelial tissue that tends to spread to other body parts.

Sarcoma

is a connective or supportive cancer.

Lymphoma

arises in cells of the lymphatic or the immune system tissues.

Leukemia

is the cancer of the blood or bone marrow.

Diabetes

condition of the body wherein the body is not able to produce or effectively use insulin.

Insulin

is a hormone that is produced in the pancreas, which regulates the utilization of glucose.

Type 1 Diabetes

is insulin-reliant diabetes because the body produces little or no insulin at all.

Type 2 Diabetes

is non-insulin dependent. This occurs when the body produces insulin but it cannot be used by the cells.

Gestational Diabetes

occurs in certain pregnant individuals

Chronic respiratory disease

occurs in the air paths and other parts of the lungs. Symptoms include breathlessness, ____ cough, and excessive mucus production.

Pilipinas Go4Health

aims to inform and encourage all Filipinos to practice a healthy lifestyle by committing to physical activity.

Go Smoke-Free

highlights the bad effects of smoking.

Go Slow sa Tagay

advocates the use of alcoholic drinks in moderation.

Go Sustansya

aims to prevent hypertension and cardiovascular diseases as well as obesity by campaigning for reduced consumption of salt, sugar, fats, and high-calorie food.

Go Sigla

emphasizes on regular exercise of at least three to four times a week.