SAC HHD REVISION

sustainability

meeting present needs while ensuring future generations can meet their needs, without depleting resources.

three dimensions of sustainability

1. social

2. environmental

3. economic

economic sustainably

ensuring incomes support a decent standard of living and keep rising with inflation and living costs.

how economic sustainability promotes health and wellbeing

• ensuring that all people can earn a decent income

• increasing the capacity of governments to provide services and infrastructure

• ensuring children can stay in school

how economic sustainability promotes physical health and wellbeing → ensuring that all people can earn a decent income

this allows people to purchase health promoting resources including food, shelter, education and basic healthcare. This promotes physical health and wellbeing by providing energy and the means to prevent and treat many common conditions. mental health and wellbeing is also promoted as individuals feel confident to they can provide for their family

economic sustainability → 4 considerations

1. trade

2. economic growth

3. job creation

4. innovation and diversity of industries

trade

• Fair prices → producers earn a fair income.

• Fair wages & conditions → better working conditions.

• Global trade → helps low/middle-income countries sell goods.

• Reduces poverty → higher incomes help break the poverty cycle.

• Adds value → countries can process products themselves (e.g. coffee beans → coffee).

• More opportunities → supports economic growth and development.

economic growth

• GNI per capita grows → keeps up with inflation & funds services/infrastructure.

• Fairer income distribution → supports development.

• Think long-term → protect future generations.

job creation

1. all countries experience negative impact of unemployment → as population grows, more jobs will need to be created

2. adequate employment → earn wage, avoid poverty, contribute to their countries economy

innovation and diversity of industries

1. be able to trade goods in LIC and MIC to increase their incomes on the global market and assist in their countries growth

2. unfair trade → prevents poor countries adding value to their exports = poverty

3. lack of infrastructure → eg, turn the coffee beans into coffee = poverty

4. current solution → fair trade is about achieving greater opportunities for all countries

social sustainability

social sustainability means meeting the needs of people now and in the future while promoting equality, wellbeing and a good quality of life.

→ creating an equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained according to their position

social sustainability → considerations

1. peace and security

2. promotion of political and legal rights

3. access to safe and decent working conditions

4. gender equality

5. promote equality through the elimination of poverty and the provision of social protection systems

peace and security

a peaceful environment is essential for promoting optimal health and wellbeing, when a country is faced ierh conflict, health and wellbeing may be negatively impacted

environmental sustainability

ensuring the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources into the future, humans activities should use natural resources at only a rate that allows these resources to replenish for future generations

use of natural resources

• natural resources that humans use can be classified as either renewable or non-renewable

• renberaboe resources refer to those to at are replenished naturally and over a relatively short period of time including crops, water; oxygen, forest and fish stocks. with careful planning, renewable resources can be used for human use with little impact on the ecosystem

use of natural resources eg

allows couture generations to be able to earn an income by utilising natural resources, which can assist in providing a range of goods and services required for optimal health and wellbeing such as food, shelter and healthcare

waste removal and pollution

• maintaining clean ecosystems in important in maintaining environmental sustainability

• industry, agriculture and human waste can degrade the quality of these resources by contaminating the ecosystems that produce them

climate change

Climate change is the long-term alteration of Earth’s climate, primarily caused by increased greenhouse gases from human activities.

global trends

patterns of social; environment and economic activity that may affect many countries and require action to be taken at a global level

globalisation

the process whereby boundaries between countries are reduced or eliminationrd allowing individuals groups and companies to act on a global scale

final trends on climate change

• rising temperatures

• extreme weather

• air quality

• vector borne diseases

how climate change might impact on human health

air pollution → asthma, CV disease

heat → heat stress. CV failure

vector borne diseases → malaria

global terms - rising sea levels

• the expansion of water that occurs as it warms

the increase in the volume of water results to ice melting

impact of rising sea levels

• forced relocation of people living in coastal areas

• reduction in the calamity of fresh water

• decided availability to food

• changes in biodiversity

rising sea levels effect H+WB

• mental health and wellbeing can be affected through increase stress related to have to relocate

• social networks and thus social health and wellbeing can be interfered with if a community is disrupted due to relocation

global trends on extreme weather events

increased incidence of infectious diseases → warmer temps are likely to produce ideal breeding grounds for mosquitos = malaria. floods and droughts also increase the risk of diarrhoeal disease. impacting physical health and wellbeing

increased world trade → tobacco

government and NGO intervention such as smoking bans, taxation and advertising laws have reduced smoking rates, epically in HIC countries, tobacco companies have treated LIC AND MIC

world trade

World trade is the buying and selling of goods and services between different countries.

world trade - vapes

the season that users inhale and exhale includes a range of metals and substances that can increase the incidence and prevalence of dresses. inclung CV disease. cancer and within the nervous and respiratory system

world trade - vapes - on human development

• vapes negatively impact human development, especially amongst youth. they are lined to chronic diseases like heath and respiratory conditions, which can reduce the ability to lead long and health life

human development aspects

• their standard of living

• less long and health lives

• limit the cohocies they make

conflict

refers to a fight, battle, war or tiger armed conflict

• disrupts health systems, leads to mass development and causes injury or trauma

conflict - examples of human development

• conduct means that people may need to move away from their home if buildings are destroyed or if they are at risk of being hurt. people are disconnected from their communities which means they are no longer able to cutie in a productive way to precipitate in decisions that effect their communitiy

global trends - mass immigration

the movement of large groups of people from one geographical location area to another in response to a crisis

mass immigration factors

• conflict

• clients change

• violation of human rights

• persecution

tourism

Tourism is the movement of people to places outside their usual environment for leisure, business or other purposes.

global trends - tourism on human development

the trim sector can provide incentives to invest in education and vocational training, which helps people develop their knowledge and skills. this expands the wide capabilities and supports them to seek well paid employment

digital technologies

Digital technologies are electronic tools that use digital information to improve health, healthcare and communication.

digital technologies - for health

• faster diagnosis and treatment reduces prevalence of ideas and morality rates

• less need for hospital visits lower costs and reduces pressure on hospitals. meaning people can be treated for other conditions, reducing morbidity