DHO Chapter 8.2-8.3 Human Growth and Development

death

the final stage of growth

terminal illness

disease that can not be cured

denial

when a person cannot accept the reality of death

anger

when a person strikes out after no longer being able to deny death

bargaining

when a person accepts death but wants more time to live

depression

when a patient realizes that death will come soon and is unsatisfied with their life

acceptance

patients fully accept death at its final stage

hospice

meets needs of dying patient, with palliative care can provide support and comfort

philosophy of hospice

to allow the patient to die with dignity and comfort

terminal illness fears

pain, abandonment, loneliness

should, hope, not be left alone

Most medical personnel feel a patient ___ be told of their approaching death. However they should be left with ___ and knowledge that they will ___.

fear, frustration, uncertainty

feelings that can cause providers to avoid or provide superficial care for dying patients

care provided by hospice

equipment, counseling, cheap medication, home health care

Patient Self Determination Act

legal documents that allow a dying patient to instruct the doctor to withhold treatments that might prolong life

euthanasia

lethal medication administered by physician

assisted suicide

use of medications a patient can take to end their life

needs

a lack of something that is required or desired

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

the lower needs should be met before an individual can strive to meet higher needs

physiological needs

basic needs required by every human to sustain life like food and oxygen

safety

need to be free from anxiety and for secureness in an environment like a routine

affection

warm feeling for another person satisfied with relationships romantically and sexually

esteem

need of feeling important and worthwhile through respect, appreciation, and approval

sexuality

people’s feelings concerning their natures, abilities to give and receive love, and their roles in reproduction

self actualization

when people have obtained their full potentials and all needs are met

defense mechanisms

unconscious acts that help a person deal with an unpleasant situation or unacceptable behavior

rationalization

using a somewhat reasonable excuse for behavior in order to avoid the real reason

projection

placing the blame for one’s own actions on someone else or on circumstances rather than accepting responsibilty

displacement

transferring feelings about one person to someone else

compensation

the substitution of one goal for another to achieve success

daydreaming

a means of escape from reality through dreaming while awake

repression

the transfer of unacceptable or painful ideas into the unconscious mind

suppression

refusing to deal with unacceptable feelings

withdrawal

an individual ceases to communicate or rather removes themself from the situation

direct methods

hard work, realistic goals, situation evaluation, cooperation

indirect methods

use defense mechanisms to provide self esteem and relieve discomfort