biology notes 1

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering key biology terms and their definitions from the video notes.

Cytolysis

Destruction of a cell.

Monosaccharide

A simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate.

Endocytosis

Process by which a cell membrane engulfs and takes in material.

Homeostasis

The ability or tendency of an organism or cell to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting its physiological processes (stay the same).

Biology

The study of life.

Hydrophobic

Compound do not dissolve easily in water of fear water

Homozygous

Having the same genetic information from both parents in an offspring (two identical alleles).

Hypertonic

Above strength in solution concentration

Chlorophyll

Green pigment present in most plant cells to absorb sunlight.

Macromolecule

A very large molecule composed of thousands of atoms.

Chromosome

A colored body of genetic information (this means that this coiled, condensed piece of DNA is visible under the microscope)

Anaerobic

No oxygen is present.

Unicellular

Organisms composed of only one cell.

Hydrology

The branch of geology that studies water on the Earth and in the atmosphere.

Exothermic

A chemical reaction that releases heat or energy.

Photosynthesis

Process by which plants utilize the energy from the sunlight to make food.

Hydrophilic

Loving water; readily absorbing or dissolving in water.

Disaccharide

A carbohydrate that is composed of two simple sugar molecules.

Autotroph

Organism that makes its own food.

Abiotic

Non-living factor in the environment.

Hydrolysis

Breakdown by water.

Cytology

The study of cells.

Multicellular

Organism composed of many cells.

Omnivore

Eating all types of living organisms, both plant and animal.

Aerobic

Requiring air (needing oxygen).

Lipophobic

Substance that will not dissolve in lipids; afraid of fats and oils.