ANTIBIOTICS

Penicillin VK, Amoxicillin

Drug of choice for Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG)?

Metronidazole, Tetracycline

Alternatives for ANUG:

Penicillin VK

Drug of choice for periodontal abscess

Tetracycline

Alternative for periodontal abscess

Doxycycline, Tetracycline

Drug of choice for LJP

Amoxicillin + Metronidazole, Co-amoxiclav

Alternatives for LJP

No — cause (plaque) must be removed

Are antibiotics used for adult periodontitis?

Clindamycin

Used in debilitated patients with adult periodontitis

Doxycycline, Tetracycline, Metronidazole

Drug of choice for RAP

Amoxicillin + Metronidazole

Alternative for RAP

Penicillin VK, Amoxicillin

Drug of choice for oral soft tissue infections

Doxycycline, Clindamycin, Cephalosporins, Tetracycline

Alternatives for oral soft tissue infections

Penicillin VK, Amoxicillin

Drug of choice for osteomyelitis

Clindamycin, Cephalosporins

Alternative for osteomyelitis

Amoxicillin

Drug of choice for aerobic infections insensitive to Penicillin

Cephalosporins, Sulfonamides, Tetracycline

Alternatives for aerobic infections

Metronidazole, Clindamycin

Drug of choice for anaerobes and chronic infections

Cephalosporin, Co-amoxiclav, Tetracycline, Metronidazole + Penicillin

Alternatives for anaerobes/chronic infections

Amoxicillin

Prophylaxis for infective endocarditis (no penicillin allergy)

Clarithromycin, Azithromycin, Clindamycin

Prophylaxis for infective endocarditis (penicillin allergy)

Penicillin, Cephalosporins

Most allergenic antibiotics

Erythromycin, Clindamycin

Low allergenic potential

Doxycycline for 3 weeks, followed by usual regimen (see above)

Patient with Localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) drug of choice

Cellulitis

spreading bacterial infection just below the skin surface, most commonly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus

Osteomyelitis

inflammation of the bone caused by an infecting organism

Ampicillin, Tetracycline

Antibiotics that decrease oral contraceptive effectiveness

Tetracycline (↓ vit K), Erythromycin (↑ warfarin)

Antibiotics that interact with oral anticoagulants

Erythromycin

Antibiotic with highest GI complaints

Tetracycline

Contraindicated in pregnancy (tooth staining)

Amoxicillin, Cephalexin, Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Metronidazole, Penicillin VK, Tetracycline

Least expensive antibiotics

Ciprofloxacin, Clindamycin

Medium-cost antibiotics

Co-amoxiclav, Cefuroxime

Very expensive antibiotics

Tetracycline

- reduce the bacterial flora that produce vitamin K

Erythromycin

- inhibits the enzymes that metabolize warfarin, leading to an increase in warfarin

Erythromycin, Clindamycin

- bacteriostatic (stops bacterial growth) thereby inhibiting bactericidal (requires having and actively dividing cells to work)