Medical coding terms cha. 2

Thel

Nipple

Epithelial tissue

Epithelial tissue is a type of body tissue that covers the inside and outside of the body, and lines hollow organs and body cavities. It's made up of sheets of tightly packed cells that perform a variety of functions,

Connective tissue

Connective tissue is a type of tissue in the body that supports, protects, and gives structure to other tissues and organs. It's made up of cells, fibers, and a gel-like substance called ground substance. 

Muscle tissue

includes three types: heart muscle, skeletal muscle, and visceral muscle, all of which share the unique property of being able to contract and relax.

Chym/o

Juice

Stromal tissue

Stromal tissue is a type of tissue that supports and structures organs, glands, and other tissues in the body

Parenchymal tissue

Parenchymal tissue" refers to the functional tissue within an organ, essentially the "working" part of the organ

Nervous tissue

includes cells that provide transmission of information to regulate a variety of functions, for example, neurons (nerve cells). When tissue is destroyed by disease or trauma, the possibility of tissue replacement may be an option.

Autologous tissue

tissue is that which is taken from one part of an individual’s body and is transplanted to another location. Auto- means “self.” An example would be a vein that is used to bypass a blocked coronary

Allogeneic

allogeneic, this time referring to being produced by a different human being. All/o means “different.”

Zooplastic tissue

Zooplastic tissue is that which is derived from an animal, for example, a cow or pig heart valve that is used to temporarily replace a structure until human donor tissue is available. Zo/o means “animal.

Syngeneic tissue

f tissue is syngeneic, as in the case of identical twins, it refers to a genetically identical individual. Syn- means “together or joined,” as in the sharing of the same DNA. Synonyms for the term syngeneic are isoplastic, isogeneic, and isologous. The combining form is/o means “equal.

Viscera/viscus/organo

Organs

Intraluminal

existing, happening, or placed inside the esophagus

Hilar

the area where nerves and blood vessels attach to an organ

Periapical

Periapical periodontitis or apical periodontitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory lesion around the apex of a tooth root

Antral

relating to or situated in a cavity or chamber, esp within a bone or the body.

Vestibular

relating to a vestibule, particularly that of the inner ear, or more generally to the sense of balance.

Fundal

Fundal height is the distance from the pubic bone to the top of the uterus measured in centimeters.

Cortical

relating to the outer layer of the cerebrum.

"the imaging of the brain showed cortical atrophy"

Myel/o

Spinal cord or bone marrow

Meta

Beyond, change

ia/ism

Condition/state of

On

Structure

Plasm

Formation

-some

Body

Stasis

Controlling, stopping

Um

Structure, thing, membrane

-us

Structure

Necropsy

A necropsy is a surgical examination of a dead body, most commonly a dead animal, in order to learn why the animal died

Histology

Study of tissues

Coxal

Hip

Pelvis

Middle part of body

Inguinal

The inguinal region, also known as the groin, is a part of the lower anterior abdominal wall that's located between the thigh and the pubic tubercle:

Antecubital

Front of forearm

Crural

Leg

Patellar

Kneecap

Man/o

Pressure

Man/u, man/i

Hand

Acromion

High point on shoulder

Nuchal

Back of neck

Olecranal

Back of elbow

Perineal

The perineum is the space between the external genitalia and the anus

Popliteal

Back of knee

Sacrum

Sural

Calf

Lateral

To the right or left

Bilateral

Both the left and right sides

Antr/o

Cavity

Afferent

Towards

Efferent

Away

Contralateral

On the opposite side of another structure

Ipsilateral

On the same side

Supine

Lying on back

Prone

Lying on stomach

Thoracic cavity

Your thoracic cavity is a space in your chest that contains organs, blood vessels, nerves and other important body structures. It's divided into three main parts: right pleural cavity, left pleural cavity and mediastinum. The five organs in your thoracic cavity are your heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea and thymus.

Mediastinum

Your mediastinum is a space in your chest that holds your heart and other important structures. It's the middle compartment within your thoracic cavity, nestled between your lungs.

Pericardial cavity

The pericardial cavity is a fluid-filled space that surrounds the heart

Abdominal cavity

a large, hollow space in the body that contains many organs, including the digestive tract, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and adrenal glands.

Pelvic cavity

The pelvic cavity is a bowl-shaped space in the body that contains the bladder, rectum, and part of the colon, as well as the internal reproductive organs:

Omentum

the fatty tissue that starts in your stomach and drapes over your intestines.

Mesentery

fold of membrane that attaches the intestine to the wall around the stomach area and holds it in place.

Retroperitoneum

the space behind the peritoneum that contains the kidneys, aorta, ureters, duodenum, and pancreas.

Retro

Behind, back

Hypochondriac regions

The hypochondriac regions are two areas in the upper abdomen, located on either side of the epigastric region: 

• Right hypochondriac region: Contains the liver, gallbladder, right kidney, and part of the small intestine 

• Left hypochondriac region: Contains the spleen, colon, left kidney, and part of the stomach 

Epigastric regions

Hypogastric region

hypogastric region, also known as the pubic region, is the part of the abdomen below the stomach and between the two iliac regions: 

The hypogastric region contains many organs, including:

• Bladder

• Part of the sigmoid colon

• Anus

• Uterus and ovaries in females

• Prostate in males

• Ductus deferens and seminal vesicles in males 

Iliac/ inguinal regions

the lower lateral abdominal region, also known as the groin or inguinal region: 

Abdominopelvic quadrants

See image

McBurneys point

Image

Munros point

This is a standard site of entrance for surgeons who perform laparoscopic surgery

Ileum

The last part of the small intestine.

Ilium

makes up the upper portion of the hip bone and pelvis.

PET scan

PET scans are often used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as cancer, coronary artery disease, heart attack, brain disorders, and more. 

Anatomical planes

Transverse axial plane: separates into superior and inferior

Coronal frontal plane: separates anterior and posterior

Sagittal longitudal: separates left and right sides

Abbreviations

Abbreviation Definition ant anterior AP anteroposterior CT computed tomography inf inferior lat lateral LLQ left lower quadrant LUQ left upper quadrant MRI magnetic resonance imaging PA posteroanterior

Abbreviations

PET positron emission tomography pos posterior RLQ right lower quadrant RUQ right upper quadrant sup superior

Dextro

On the right

Levo

To the left

Ipsi

Same, self