T lymphocytes

All lymphocytes originate from?

• Bone marrow

Lymphocytes that reside in/orientate from the,,,?

• Thymus are called T-Lymphocytes

T lymphocytes attack?

• Fungi or Viral Infections

T-lymphocytes differ from B-lymphocytes in that they do not?

• Secrete Antibodies

What does T Lymphocytes do instead of Secrete Antibodies?

• Cell Mediated Immunity

• Must be in close proximity.

T Cells can be differentiate into what 3 Categories?

• Killer T Cells

• Helper T Cells

• Regulatory T Cells

What is the role and function of the Killer, Helper and Regulatory T cells?

• Killer
  - Detect Presence of Antigens on Host Cells
  - Destroy Infected Cells

• Helper
  - Facilitate Immune Response
  - Boost B & T Lymphocytes Proliferation

• Regulatory
  - Inhibit Activity of B & T Cells.
  - Stopping an overresponse.

T-lymphocytes can only be activated with
the assistance of?

• Antigen Presenting Cells (APC)

Types of APCs include?

• Dendritic Cells and Macrophages

The antigen is held in place on the cell surface by a protein known as ?

• Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

APCs then migrate to the secondary lymph organs such as the?

• Lymph Nodes

• Where T Cells are found.

T-lymphocyte are able to detect the antigen present on the surface of the APC which results in?

• Activation and Proliferation of  T Cells.

Newly activated T-lymphocytes then migrate from the lymph tissues into the blood via the?

• The Thoracic Duct

Once in the blood, activated T-lymphocytes are attracted to the site of infection by the?

• Chemoattractant Molecules produced in the blood during Inflammation

Only helper T-lymphocytes can interact with?

• APC

• Antigen Presenting Cell

APCs take up pathogens by recognising the …. on the pathogenic cell surface

• PAMP’s

• During this process, the pathogen is broken down

• and an antigen present is presented on the cell surface by the

• MHC protein

The helper T-lymphocytes can now recognise the antigen and?

• Bind to it.

The activated helper T-lymphocytes can proliferate creating vast amounts of?

• Helper, Killer and Memory T Lymphocytes

Activated helper T-lymphocytes can also now activate the?

• B Lymphocytes and Killer T Lymphocytes.

• Kick starts the immune Response.

Helper T-cells can interact with B-lymphocytes to stimulate?

• Production of Plasma Cell

After an Infection has been cleared what must be done to Killer T Cells?

• Must be removed

Why must T Cells be destroyed after an infection?

• They produce a surface receptor called FAS

• Activated T Cells then after a few days produce FAS ligand.

• IF FAS binds to FAS Ligand it causes Apoptosis.

What is AID’s?

• Acquired Autoimmune Deficiency Syndrome

• Infects and Destroyers Helper T Cells.

What is HIV?

• Is a retrovirus.

• It’s genetic material is carried in RNA

• The virus uses this to reverse engineer it self.